Protein Hydrolysates as Promoters of Non-Haem Iron Absorption

Li, Yanan; Jiang, Han; Huang, Guangrong

doi:10.3390/nu9060609

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The stomach does not contribute much in the assimilation of iron, as its absorption is ≤2% of the total intake (15). There are two types of dietary iron that may be absorbed: Heme iron, from the breakdown of hemoglobin and myoglobin in red meat, or non-heme inorganic iron, which is predominantly released from foods, including vegetables and cereals (16,17).…”

Section: Iron Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron metabolism and its contribution to cancer (Review)

et al. 2019

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Iron is an essential element for biological processes. Iron homeostasis is regulated through several mechanisms, from absorption by enterocytes to recycling by macrophages and storage in hepatocytes. Iron has dual properties, which may facilitate tumor growth or cell death. Cancer cells exhibit an increased dependence on iron compared with normal cells. Macrophages potentially deliver iron to cancer cells, resulting in tumor promotion. Mitochondria utilize cellular iron to synthesize cofactors, including heme and iron sulfur clusters. The latter is composed of essential enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and repair, oxidation-reduction reactions, and other cellular processes. However, highly increased iron concentrations result in cell death through membrane lipid peroxidation, termed ferroptosis. Ferroptosis, an emerging pathway for cancer treatment, is similar to pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. In the present review, previous studies on the physiology of iron metabolism and its role in cancer are summarized. Additionally, the significance of iron regulation, and the association between iron homeostasis and carcinogenic mechanisms are discussed. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Iron absorption 3. Iron distribution and excretion 4. Iron and various cancers 5. Mechanisms of iron-mediated proliferation of tumor cells 6. Ferroptosis: Iron-dependent cancer cell death 7. Conclusions

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Section: Iron Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron metabolism and its contribution to cancer (Review)

et al. 2019

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“…In particular, specific casein hydrolysates from bovine milk demonstrate antioxidant activity via radical scavenging properties in both aqueous and lipid model systems [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Casein phosphopeptides (CPPs) derived from tryptic digests of casein also have a strong affinity to sequester divalent metal ions, such as non-heme iron and copper, two potential food pro-oxidants under specific conditions [14][15][16]. Bovine milk casein-derived CPPs may therefore serve to remove pro-oxidative metal catalysts such as iron from an environment of oxidizable lipids to prevent lipid oxidation [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…heme iron and copper, two potential food pro-oxidants under specific conditions [14][15][16]. Bovine milk casein-derived CPPs may therefore serve to remove pro-oxidative metal catalysts such as iron from an environment of oxidizable lipids to prevent lipid oxidation [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Properties of Casein Phosphopeptides (CPP) and Maillard-Type Conjugated Products

2020

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A casein phosphopeptide (CPP) fraction derived from tryptic hydrolysis of bovine casein was evaluated for antioxidant activity. Conjugations or mixtures of CPP with polysaccharide, galactomannan (Gal), or xyloglucan (Xyl) were prepared to evaluate potential enhancement of CPP antioxidant activity. The effect of calcium was also investigated. The CPP preparation alone was effective at scavenging hydroxyl radicals and sequestering Fe2+ to protect against Fenton reaction-induced deoxyribose oxidation in non-site-specific (up 63.3% inhibition) and site-specific (up 32.1% inhibition) binding assays, respectively. CPP also effectively quenched 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radicals (ABTS•+) to an extent of 67.6% scavenging in an aqueous system. In a soybean lecithin liposome system, CPP exhibited effective protection against peroxyl radical-induced liposomal peroxidation (38.3% of control in terms of rate of propagation). Conjugating CPP with Gal or Xyl polysaccharides using Maillard reaction conditions significantly reduced activity in the Fenton reaction-deoxyribose assays, while exhibiting no effect on the antioxidant activity of native CPP in both the ABTS and liposome assays, respectively. These results represent comparative antioxidant capacity of the native CPP and associated conjugates in phases that varied in relative hydrophilic and hydrophobic character. We conclude that CPP has the potential to act as both a primary and secondary antioxidant by displaying transition metal ion sequestering activity and free radical quenching activity. Improvements in antioxidant activity of CPP by Maillard-type conjugation with Xyl or Gal were relatively small and model-specific.

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“…Some studies have shown that Fe chelate complexes can promote the absorption of Fe. [5][6][7][8][9] At the same time, Fe in the form of a stable chelate complex is less harmful to tissues as it does not produce ROS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%