Protective Effect of Resveratrol Improves Systemic Inflammation Responses in LPS-Injected Lambs

Abstract

Simple SummaryChina’s livestock industry has been transforming from traditional extensive systems to highly intensive systems. Highly intensive livestock production often causes immune stress to animals, which makes them more susceptible to infections. The aim of this study was to examine whether resveratrol alleviates inflammation in lambs. Results showed that resveratrol attenuated the LPS-evoked inflammatory responses in lambs by suppressing expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and blocking NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Based on these studies, resveratrol has the potential to be a promising therapeutic reagent for multiple inflammatory illnesses caused by immune stress. AbstractHighly intensive livestock production often causes immune stress to animals, which makes them more susceptible to infections. The aim of this study was to examine whether resveratrol (Res) alleviates inflammation in lambs. In Experiment 1, 16 male lambs were injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) at an initial dose of 0.25, 1.25, and 2.5 μg/kg body weight (BW) for 9 days. Average daily gain and blood parameters were measured and clinical symptoms were recorded. In Experiment 2, 20 male lambs were injected intravenously with LPS (0 mg/kg) + Res (0 mg), LPS (2.5 μg /kg) + Res (0 mg, 82.5 mg, 165 mg, 330 mg), 4 h after LPS injection. Jugular blood was collected from each lamb to determine white blood cell (WBC) counts and the expression of inflammatory genes. In Experiment 1, all LPS-treated lambs showed clinical signs of sickness including rhinorrhea, lethargy, and shivering, and systemic inflammatory responses of increased inflammatory genes levels and cortisol concentration. The lambs had increased respiratory and heart rates and rectal temperature and decreased average daily gain and feed intake. In Experiment 2, resveratrol significantly reduced WBCs and the expression levels of several genes associated with inflammation response (TLR4, NF-κB, c-jun) and inhibited the signaling cascades of NF-κB and MAPKs by down-regulating the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) induced by LPS. Resveratrol attenuated the LPS-evoked inflammatory responses in lambs by suppressing expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and blocking NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Protective effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation against oxidative stress in diquat-challenged piglets

“…Previous studies have shown that supplementation with RES can reduce the level of ACTH and beneficially protect broilers against heat stress (Zhang et al 2017;He et al 2019). Liang et al (2019) demonstrated that RES inhibited the production and secretion of cortisol in LPS challenged lambs. Studies in rodents also illustrated that RES alleviated heat stress by decreasing serum cortisol level (Cheng et al 2019), which suggests that RES was not species specific in its functions and could be most likely to be applied to all animals.…”

“…In contrast, IL-4 is thought to suppress or decrease the inflammatory responses by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a (Rubinstein and Rubinstein 1990). Previous studies have demonstrated that RES supplementation, under stress conditions, displays beneficial activity against inflammatory responses in piglets (Gan et al 2019), rats (Cheng et al 2019) and lambs (Liang et al 2019) by modulating the production of cytokines. In the present study, injecting diquat significantly increased the levels of serum IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a, whereas decreased the levels of serum IL-4 in piglets.…”

Resveratrol Improves Bnip3-Related Mitophagy and Attenuates High-Fat-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

“…Resveratrol prevents ventricular hypertrophy (Chelladurai et al, 2019) and cardiac remodeling following chronic kidney disease (Li et al, 2020a). Resveratrol also helps to protect aortic valve stenosis (Samiei et al, 2019), septic cardiomyopathy (Liang et al, 2019), diabetic cardiomyopathy (Hoseini et al, 2019), and heart failure (Algieri et al, 2019). Most associated studies have focused on the influence of resveratrol on hyperlipemia-related cardiomyocyte damage or metabolic reprogramming, but not on high-fat-related endothelial dysfunction.…”

The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Recent studies showed that polyphenols can modulate the immune functions through binding to cellular receptors and altering the cell pathways, thereby regulating the host immune response ( 153 ). For instance, curcumin and resveratrol have been evidenced to inhibit the signaling pathway of nuclear factor-kappa β (NF-κβ) and thereby inhibit the release of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α ( 154 ). Curcumin has been reported to have a role in activation and proliferation of B and T lymphocytes, increase the antibody titer against some viruses, enhance innate immunity in challenged animals, improve the immune response by increasing leucocyte count and phagocytic activates, and stimulate the function of plasma lysozyme and increased immunoglobulin ( 146 , 155 , 156 ).…”