Protective effect of breastfeeding against childhood leukemia in Zhejiang Province, P. R. China: a retrospective case-control study

Abstract

Objectives: Our research investigated the relationship between childhood leukemia and breastfeeding in the P. R. of China.Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study from March 2008 to April 2017 at the Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang province, P. R. of China, which reviewed 958 children who had been diagnosed with leukemia in case group and 785 healthy children in control group. Data were obtained from medical records, and if the medical records were incomplete, we called mothers of children by phone to complete the data.Results: Breastfeeding reduces the risk of childhood leukemia; the effect is greater, if feeding continued for 7–9 months (p = 0.002). In addition, we suggest that some factors such as maternal age, smoking during pregnancy, abortion history, genetic factors, parents use of hair dye, and the history of using birth control pills before pregnancy can increase the risk of childhood leukemia.Conclusions: This study indicates that promoting breastfeeding for 7–9 months may help lower the childhood leukemia incidence. Our study firstly demonstrates that breastfeeding has protective effects against childhood leukemia in the P. R. of China.Abbreviations: ALL: Acute lymphocytic leukemia; AML: Acute myeloid leukemia

Breastfeeding and the risk of childhood cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

“…The details of included studies for the subsequent subgroup analysis are shown in Additional file 1: Table S3. Moreover, after excluding studies with the breastfeeding only as dichotomous variable, and no sufficient data of the number of cases and controls in each breastfeeding category, 23 studies were included for leukemia [ 13 , 14 , 18 , 34 – 36 , 38 – 43 , 46 , 47 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 63 , 64 , 70 – 72 ], 6 studies for lymphoma [ 14 , 33 , 36 , 40 , 43 , 46 ], and 6 studies for brain tumors [ 14 , 40 , 44 , 51 , 64 , 67 ] in dose-response meta-analysis.…”

“… 8 Moderate Schraw, 2017, USA [ 69 ] 1997–2012 PC-CS 171/342 0–14 Texas Children’s Cancer Center in Houston Population ALL ( N = 171) Ever vs. never Questionnaire to parents Matched: sex, ethnicity, and age.Adjusted: none. 7 Moderate Gao, 2018, China [ 70 ] 2008–2017 HC-CS 958/785 0–14 The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University Hospital patients Leukemia ( N = 958) Never/1–3/4–6/7–9/10–12/≥ 13 Medical records Matched: none.Adjusted: family history of cancer, the family history of neoplasm of the lymphatic/hematopoietic systems, history of bedroom decoration, smoking during pregnancy, the history of using birth control pills before pregnancy, abortion history, Down’s syndrome and parents use of hair dye. 8 Moderate Jiménez-Hernández, 2018, Mexico [ 18 ] 2010–2015 HC-CS 1455/1455 0–17.6 Private and public hospitals in Mexico City Hospital patients Leukemia ( N = 1455) Never/0–3.9/4–6.9/7–12.9/> 13 Interview of mothers Matched: none.Adjusted: none.…”

Impact of a Moderately Hypocaloric Mediterranean Diet on the Gut Microbiota Composition of Italian Obese Patients

“…We also observed an increase in "lipopolysaccharides biosynthesis proteins" and "membrane and intracellular structural molecules" after the NI. The lipopolysaccharides biosynthesis proteins were identified as associated with obesity in other recent studies [49,50], but the direction of the association remains unclear.…”

Lactancia materna exclusiva como factor protector de la leucemia linfoblástica aguda

“…la lactancia materna es por 7 a 9 meses. En cambio, la edad materna, el fumar durante el embarazo, entre otros, pueden aumentar el riesgo de leucemia infantil 20 . Tanto la lactancia materna de larga y corta duración serían protectores de LLA y LMA 21 .…”