Prospection of Enzyme Modulators in Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Lippia sidoides Leaves: Genotoxicity, Digestion, Inflammation, and Hemostasis

Abstract

The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lippia sidoides Cham. were chemically characterized and tested for their action on enzymes involved in processes such as inflammation, blood coagulation, and digestion. Both extracts potentiated the activity of phospholipases A2 present in the venom of Bothrops atrox in 12 % and completely inhibited the hemolysis induced by B. jararacussu and B. moojeni venoms in the proportions between 1 : 0.5 and 1 : 5 (venom/extracts (w/w)). They inhibited the thrombolysis induced by B. moojeni (10 to 25 %), potentiated the thrombolysis induced by the Lachesis muta muta venom (30 to 80 %), prolonged the coagulation time induced by B. moojeni and L. muta muta venoms, and presented antigenotoxic action. Both extracts reduced the activity of α‐glycosidases, the aqueous extract inhibited lipases, and the ethanolic extract inhibited α‐amylases. The results demonstrate the modulatory action of the extracts on proteases, phospholipases, and digestive enzymes. In addition, the rich phenolic composition of these extracts highlights their potential for nutraceutical use.

Influence of Teas on Phospholipase A2 and Protease Activity in the Context of Blood Hemostasis-Related Processes

“…The literature has described the anti-inflammatory action of the plant species C. sinensis and I. paraguariensis, attributing this effect to the presence of phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids (caffeic, gallic and syringic acids) and, primarily, flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, catechin and epigallocatechin gallate) [28,29]. Plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds are also indicated as PLA2 inhibitors [30].…”

Nephroprotective effects of Lippia sidoides ethanolic extract against ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury

“…The therapeutic effect of L. sidoides is attributed mainly to the presence of thymol, which is the major component of the plant's essential oil and it is also found in ethanolic extracts ( Matos, Oliveira, 1998). The extract is easier to prepare, and it has lower costs compared with the essential oil (Aparecida Braga et al 2019), besides the higher stability and practicality of a powder. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Lippia sidoides ethanolic extract (LSEE) against I/R-induced AKI.…”

Oregano as a potential source of antidiabetic agents

“…A recent report by Aparecida Braga et al (2019), evaluated the α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase inhibitory of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the leaves of Lippia sidoides . Their results showed that ethanolic extracts had an α‐amylase inhibitory activity of 62.50 μmol/min g, which equals around 68.12% inhibition; the inhibitory effect was maintained after simulated gastrointestinal digestion.…”