Proprioception in knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review

Abstract

Proprioception plays an important role in the complex mechanism of joint control. Proprioceptive training is popularly applied as preventive or rehabilitative exercise method in various sports and rehabilitation settings. The primary purpose of this narrative review is to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight about proprioception. The objective is to answer few important questions: • What are the factors affecting it? • How to evaluate proprioception? • What are the tools and technique required for the assessment? • How to train, improve, and progress in proprioceptive training? This evidence based study helps to guide rehabilitation professionals in selecting appropriate, effective strategies when managing issues related to position sense. Postural balance and its sensory motor correlates in 75-year-old men and women: A cross-national comparative study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51(2): M53-M63. 6. Barrack RL, Skinner HB, Cook SD, Haddad RJ (1983) Effect of articular disease and total knee arthroplasty on knee joint position sense. J Neurophysiol 50(3): 684-687. 7. Hassan BS, Mockett S, Doherty M (2001) Static postural sway, proprioception, and maximal voluntary quadriceps contraction in patients with knee osteoarthritis and normal control subjects. Ann

Association of lower muscle strength with self‐reported knee instability in osteoarthritis of the knee: Results from the Amsterdam Osteoarthritis Cohort

“…Proprioceptive accuracy was measured in our study by a passive motion sense test, whereas the study by Collins et al (25), in which proprioceptive accuracy was significantly associated with self-reported knee instability, used an active position sense test. Because motion sense and position sense poorly correlate to each other (18), the difference in measurement of proprioceptive accuracy between the study by Collins et al and our study may have led to conflicting results. Furthermore, knee movements during our motion sense test were directed toward knee extension, while Collins et al positioned knees in the direction of flexion.…”

“…be associated with proprioceptive accuracy (18). Our study demonstrated that knee pain does not play a role in the association between biomechanical impairments and selfreported instability.…”

“…Biomechanical impairments such as muscle weakness, impaired proprioceptive accuracy, and high laxity, which are frequently present in knee OA patients (15)(16)(17)(18), have been regularly hypothesized as important causal factors in self-reported knee instability (1,2,4 -6,13,14,19). Quadriceps and hamstring muscles are considered to be principal stabilizers of the knee joint by absorbing shock forces and modifying knee joint load (8 -10,20 -23).…”

Increased Risk of Complications Following Total Joint Arthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Frailty is associated with a decline in physical activity and muscle strength, as well as immune system dysfunction (28)(29)(30)(31). Frailty may therefore increase risk of falls leading to fracture or dislocation following TJA.…”

A narrative review on haptic devices: relating the physiology and psychophysical properties of the hand to devices for rehabilitation in central nervous system disorders

“…Mechanoreceptors (SAII and FAII) in the skin also contribute to kinaesthetic sense when the skin over both small and large joints is stretched [12]. Kinaesthetic sense declines with age [13], joint diseases [14] and injury [15]. It is also impaired by damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems.…”