Propiedades fisicoquímicas durante el crecimiento y desarrollo de frutos de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic.

2021

The objective of this research was to carry out an analysis of growth and physicochemical changes in cv. Anna apple in the Colombian high-altitude tropics using on the accumulation of growing degree days (GDD). Fruit samplings were taken every 15 days after anthesis (DAA) until harvest at 100 DAA (892.37 GDD). The dry and fresh weight and the equatorial and polar diameters followed a simple sigmoidal pattern. This was confirmed with the behavior of the growth rates. The equatorial and polar diameters increased drastically between 455.39 and 589.32 GDD (45 and 60 DAA), while the weight did not, indicating that the void spaces increased in the pulp during this period. The respiratory rate had the highest value (61.93±6.79 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1) at 159.61 GDD (15 DAA) and then decreased continuously until harvest. The firmness increased from 159.61 to 455.39 GDD and, then continuously decreased, at harvest, it was 38.38±3.48 N. The total soluble solids increased and had an ending value of 8.58±0.37ºBrix. The total titratable acidity increased from 159.61 to 319.79 GDD (30 DAA), and then decreased until the end of the study with an acidity of 0.71±0.03%. The color index increased linearly as a function of development, but the values were <0 at harvest. These results are an important advance for knowledge on the behavior of apple cv. Anna under high-altitude tropical conditions.

Section: Growth Analysissupporting

confidence: 91%

Analysis of growth and physicochemical changes in apple cv. Anna in a high-altitude tropical climate

Cepeda

Vélez-Sánchez

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic.

2021

“…The final phase is fruit ripening, generally initiated once the fruit has acquired physiological maturity, at which stage it has attained the maximum size and capability for ripening, even after detachment from the mother plant (Paliyath et al, 2019). Many fruits show a single sigmoid growth phase such as lulo fruit (Almanza-Merchán et al, 2016), while others exhibit double or multiphasic growth patterns (Paliyath et al, 2019), like grapevine fruit (Almanza-Merchán et al, 2012).…”

Section: Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed-fruit relationships in fleshy fruits: Role of hormones. A review

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic.

Fischer

Magnitskiy

2020

Seeds are known to have significant biological importance in nature, and they have high economic value in agriculture. This review discusses the physiological, biochemical, and hormonal aspects involved in the seed-fruit relationship, highlighting the main implications that seeds have on fruit set and growth, development, and abscission of some fleshy fruits. Fleshy fruits, with the exception of some parthenocarpic species, require pollination and double fertilization for seed formation. This contributes to the stimulation of hormone synthesis for auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and brassinosteroids. These hormones are required for seed formation and, in turn, for fruit development; and they determine fruit set, final fruit size, fruit shape and quality characteristics in some fruits. This knowledge is necessary for successful management of the cultivation of species producing fleshy fruits.

“…Many fruit trees have their origin in the Andean areas (Ligarreto, 2012), especially numerous Solanaceous species (Blancke, 2016;Criollo et al 2017). Solanaceae is one of the main families of economically important plants in Colombia (Torres-González, 2019;Almanza-Merchán et al 2016). These are the plants of indeterminate growth, that is, flowering, fruiting, and vegetative growth occur at the same time (Fischer et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the ecophysiology of important Andean fruits: Solanaceae

Fischer

Rev. U.D.C.A Act. & Div. Cient.

Magnitskiy

2021

The high Andean areas present ecophysiological conditions suitable for the cultivation of many fruit species, especially of the Solanaceae family. The objective of this review is to present important ecophysiological information on four fruit trees grown in cold climates: Cape gooseberry, tree tomato, lulo, and sweet cucumber o pear melon. The cape gooseberry is a species well adapted to cold tropical climate, it is grown between 1,800 and 2,700m a.s.l., with temperatures of 13 to 16°C. It is highly adapted to high solar radiation and to the abrupt changes between the day and night temperatures. It requires a precipitation of 1,000 to 1,800mm year-1 uniformly distributed throughout the year, and is sensitive to water deficit but also to waterlogging and strong winds. The tree tomato, in Colombia, produces better from 1,800 to 2,600m a.s.l., with temperatures between 13 and 20°C, annual rainfall between 1,500 and 2,000mm, relative humidity around 80%, and solar brightness of 1,800 to 2,300 hours/year; it does not resist strong winds, water deficit or waterlogging. The lulo requires environments with high precipitation (1,000 to 2,800mm) and penumbra because it loses a lot of water through transpiration but waterlogging also affects it; it grows well in areas between 1,600 to 2,400m a.s.l. and 16 to 24°C, with photosynthesis rates up to of 34.03µmol CO2 m-2 s-1. The sweet cucumber is of growing interest in many exotic fruit markets, it grows at 900-2,800m a.s.l. with temperatures <25°C and responds well to air enrichment with CO2.