Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerogenic activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activities and the possible mechanisms of action of seven desert plants from different families. (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae), L. (Euphorpiaceae), L., lanigera L. (Lamiaceae), L., Linn. (Solanaceae) and (Del.) Hayne. (Asclepiadaceae), were tested using prophylactic and curative models of absolute ethanol-induced ulcer, at three doses (125, 250& 500 mg/kg) of each extract. The investigated extracts possessed dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activities in both models, with LD higher than 5 g/kg. The most effective extracts were and with percent protection of control ulcer; 91.1% and 85.4% respectively. The antisecretory activity of both and appears to be mainly related to the suppression of gastrin release. The potential radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of the investigated extracts were well supported with the reduction in gastric MDA (50.6% and 43.3%) and enhancing the level of reduced GSH (2.84, 2.59 mg/g tissue) for and respectively. In addition, suppression of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α may be one of the possible mechanisms of action. The alcohol extracts of and showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and sterols which could be related to the activities.

Analysis of Alpina officinarum Hance, chemically and biologically

“…Ten grams of the previously prepared dried alcohol extract of the plant rhizomes were dissolved in distilled water (freshly) using an emulsifying agent (Tween 80) (El-Meligy et al, 2017).…”

“…The investigated extract was evaluated up to 4000 mg/kg. To investigate the sub-chronic toxicity, the alcohol extract (400 mg/kg) administrated orally for 35 days and side effects on liver and kidney functions were evaluated (El-Meligy et al, 2017) was used urea and Serum creatinine were determined as measures of kidney functions (El-Meligy et al (2017).…”

Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Characteristics of Combination (<i>Cassia fistula</i> and <i>Ocimum basilicum</i>) Extract as Natural Preservative to Control &amp; Prevent Food Contamination

“…Previous studies reported that Cassia fistula, Ocimum basilicum and their mix extracts were able to suppress the pro-inflammatory mediators by blocking the activity of the NF-kB which leads to suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, JNK and ERK1/2). Blocking of NF-kBwill resulted in inhibiting of TNF-α [45,46] and consequently the expression of COX-2 well influence NO regulation [47,48]. Values are expressed as mean ±SEM.…”

Assessments of Antioxidant Content and the Anti-Carcinogenic Effect of Extracts of Solanum Rostratum Dunal in Human Cancer Cells

“…These activities may be the reason why the antioxidants found in S. rostratum can scavenge the free radicals formed by ABTS ï+ and DPPH ï , thus causing a decrease in their oxidative activity as demonstrated in the results obtained from the plant extracts. Likewise, for other Solanaceae such as S. nigrum, which presents a remarkable antioxidant activity in the DPPH ï test (21,22), varies in its activity depending on the type of solvent used for the preparation of the extracts and the part of the plant evaluated. On the other hand, for S. melongena, S. crispum, and S. trilobatum, it has been reported that they present compounds capable of sequestering free radicals in vitro (23)(24)(25)(26).…”

“…In the extracts, total phenols and tannins were found in important concentrations, with greater abundance in the three extracts of ethyl acetate although also were found in lower concentration in the extracts of methanol and hexane. Tannins and phenols have been found in several Solanaceae species, such as S. xanthocarpum, S. nigrum Linn, and S. trilobatum, and its presence has been linked to the medicinal and therapeutic effects in diseases such as anti-ulcerogenic, anti-microbial, bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory, inductor of some human cancer cells apoptosis, and cycle cell arrest (21,(27)(28)(29)(30).…”