Properties of Nanostructured 3Y-TZP Blocks Used for CAD/CAM Dental Restoration

Abstract

Several CAD/CAM systems are available to dental prosthesis laboratories which can be used to fabricate all-ceramic copings and frameworks. The use of these systems presents low demand, due principally the high blocks ceramics cost used for theses systems. Usually, these ceramic blocks are sintered at high temperatures, between 1450 and 15500C, resulting in micrometric ZrO2 microstructure. A considerable innovation in these ceramics systems used in CAD/CAM applications was introduced by the use of nanometric-tetragonal ZrO2 blocks, which are sintered at low sintering temperatures resulting in nanometric grains morphology and improved mechanical properties. The purpose of the present work is to characterize the mechanical properties of nanoparticled zirconium oxide blocks comparing with commercial micrometric ceramic parts. XRD patterns showed that the blocks have only the tetragonal-ZrO2 as crystalline phase. The tetragonal-monoclinic transformation phase was responsible for the excellent mechanical properties. Nanometric blocks presented hardness of 13GPa, fracture toughness of 11MPam1/2 , bending strength of 1020MPa and Weibull modulus, m=14, while micrometric ZrO2 blocks similar hardness, fracture toughness 8.5MPam1/2, bending strength of 850MPa and Weibull modulus of 10.

Influence of CAD/CAM Grinding in the Performance of Sintered Dental Zirconia Framework

“…The values of maximum stress and diameter of the connector found are shown in Table 1. Results of the literature [2,3] show that the mechanical properties of the used zircônia blocks are from 900 to 1200 MPa. The mechanical properties are determined with polishing ceramic samples.…”

Emerging Multimodel Zirconia Nanosystems for High‐Performance Biomedical Applications

“…Also, characteristics of 3Y‐TZP blocks that were applied for CAD/CAM dental restorations were studied by Santos and co‐workers. [ 251 ]…”

Nanostructured Zirconia-Based Ceramics and Composites in Dentistry: A State-of-the-Art Review

“…Beyond these studies, there are many others, including in their title or in the abstract of the word “nano”, but referring to the development of zirconia-based products (also including zirconia composites) with grain size generally much higher than 100 nm [9,12,13,14,18,20,21,22,24,34,40,49,51,53,54,57,60,61,65,68], following conventional processing routes or innovative routes, such as one of the latest innovations in shaping techniques, such as the magnetic pulsed compaction [8], or reporting no information on the final grain size [7,11,12,55].…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated an enhancement in the mechanical properties of nanostructured-based zirconia ceramics with respect to their micrometric counterparts. Dos Santos et al [20] evaluated the properties of nanostructured 3Y-TZP blocks (ZrHP-nano ® , see Section 5) used for CAD/CAM dental restorations and found that nanometric blocks (GS = 200 nm) had a hardness of 13 GPa, a fracture toughness of 11 MPa∙m 1/2 , a bending strength of 1020 MPa, and a Weibull modulus of 14, while micrometric ZrO 2 blocks (GS = 500 nm) presented similar values of hardness, a fracture toughness of 8.5 MPa∙m 1/2 , a bending strength of 850 MPa, and a Weibull modulus of 10. Silva et al [12] developed nanostructured yttria-stabilized zirconia blocks for dental applications and characterized them in terms of densification, crystalline phases, microstructure, and mechanical properties.…”

“…Figure 1 reports a subdivision of the papers on the basis of the grain size of the developed final products: For the elaboration of Figure 1, only the paper reporting an experimental procedure to produce nanozirconia-made components were considered. In Figure 2, the geographical provenience of all the 74 analyzed scientific papers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,…”