Propagation of Strains of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Unweaned White Mice

Skinner, H. H.

doi:10.1177/003591575104401213

Cited by 80 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Mice. Virus recovery and virus assay were carried out in 4-7-day-old Pirbright "P" strain mice inoculated by the intraperitoneal route as described by Skinner (1951).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Susceptibility of Some Australian Fauna to Infection With Foot and Mouth Disease Virus

Snowdon

1968

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary Several species of Australian fauna were tested for their susceptibility to infection with foot and mouth disease virus. The majority of the fauna tested would support the multiplication of virus after either intramuscular or intradermal inoculation, although clinical signs of foot and mouth disease were rarely seen. The preferred sites for virus multiplication appeared to be the soft palate and pharynx in the red kangaroos, and the salivary glands in the water rats. The serum neutralizing antibody titres to foot and mouth disease virus in the kangaroos, wallabies and wombats reached a peak 14 days after inoculation and then gradually declined. Serum neutralizing antibody could not be de‐ tected in the echidnas 21 days after inoculation, but significant titres were present 35 days after inoculation. When red kangaroos and wombats were closely confined with cattle, it was found that (i) a proportion of red kangaroos infected by intramuscular inoculation was capable of infecting cattle, (ii) infected cattle were capable of infecting red kangaroos and wombats, and (iii) after being confined with infected cattle for 48 hr., red kangaroos subsequently did not infect susceptible cattle when confined with them. It was not possible to demonstrate spread of infection from infected red kangaroos to previously unexposed red kangaroos, or persistence of virus in red kangaroos. It is concluded that it would be only under exceptional conditions that the Australian fauna tested in this study would participate in the spread of foot and mouth disease under field conditions.

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“…Mice. Virus recovery and virus assay were carried out in 4-7-day-old Pirbright "P" strain mice inoculated by the intraperitoneal route as described by Skinner (1951).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Susceptibility of Some Australian Fauna to Infection With Foot and Mouth Disease Virus

Snowdon

1968

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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“…Virus assay. Samples were assayed by intraperitoneal inoculation of appropriate dilutions in PB or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) into unweaned mice (Skinner, 1951) or, in a few experiments with the M 11 strain, by plaque titration on pig kidney monolayers (Sellers, 1955).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suspensions for spraying were 1:10 dilutions of the stock virus suspensions in Tyrode's solution containing 0 5 % lactalbumin hydrolysate (TLH), equal parts of TLH and 0-04 M phosphate buffer, pH 7-6 (PB) or PB alone.Virus assay. Samples were assayed by intraperitoneal inoculation of appropriate dilutions in PB or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) into unweaned mice (Skinner, 1951) or, in a few experiments with the M 11 strain, by plaque titration on pig kidney monolayers (Sellers, 1955).Concentration of virus by adsorption. Concentration of the sample before inoculation facilitated the detection of small amounts of virus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol sampling methods for the virus of foot-and-mouth disease and the measurement of virus penetration through aerosol filters

Thorne

Burrows

1960

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Single and multi-jet liquid impingers and membrane-filters were found to be efficient sampling devices for aerosols generated from suspensions of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Concentration of the aerosol samples with an adsorbent, Attaclay, facilitated the detection of small amounts of virus. Sodium dodecyl sulphate could be used for elution as the virus of FMD is resistant to this anionic detergent.The penetration of these aerosols through various air filtration media was determined using impinger samplers. A glass fibre paper was found to be the most efficient with a virus penetration of less than 0·001%.We wish to thank Dr D. W. Henderson and Dr H. M. Darlow, of M.R.E. and Mr R. G. Dorman of C.D.E. Porton for valuable prefatory discussions and advice. We are also indebted to Miss S. Cartwright for inoculating mice, to Miss M. Shoobridge and Mr S. Taylor for technical assistance, and to Vokes Ltd. for supplying materials.

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“…Cell supernatants containing rescued viruses were labeled F n+1 passage and then frozen at −70°C. The F 6 viruses of O/CHA/90, FLAG-O/CHA/90, and O/CHA/90-FLAG (2×10 8.0 TCID 50 (50% tissue culture infective dose)) were inoculated subcutaneously into suckling mice (four mice per group) for three continuous passages according to previously described procedures (Skinner 1951;Salguero et al 2005). At each passage, the mice died 16-20 h post infection, and the carcasses without skins were ground into homogenates that were used for the next-passage inoculation of new mice.…”

Section: Virus Rescue Passage and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insertion site of FLAG on foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 G-H loop affects immunogenicity of FLAG

Zhu

Zou

Bao

et al. 2018

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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The G-H loop of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) virion contains certain dominant immunogenic epitopes, as well as an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif that is recognized by cell surface integrin receptors. Previous experiments indicate that it is critical to maintain virus structural integrity when inserting an exogenous epitope into the surface of an FMDV structural protein. However, it remains to be determined how factors such as different insertion positions affect interactions among the virus, cells and host immune system. In this study, one infectious cDNA clone of the swine FMDV Cathay topotype strain O/CHA/90 was constructed. Then, a FLAG marker (DYKDDDDK) was inserted upstream (-4) or downstream (+10) of the RGD motif to generate tagged viruses vFLAG-O/CHA/90 or vO/CHA/90-FLAG, investigating the possibility of expressing foreign antigen and effect on its immunogenicity. Compared to the parental virus, both tagged viruses exhibited similar plaque phenotypes, suckling mouse pathogenicity and antigenicity. Additionally, the FLAG tag insertion position did not change the use of integrin-mediated cell entry by the tagged viruses. Interestingly, both tagged vaccines protected pigs against challenge with the parental virus O/CHA/90 and induced immune responses against FMDV in BALB/c mice and pigs, but only vaccination with vFLAG-O/CHA/90 generated anti-FLAG antibodies. Our findings demonstrated that two sites (RGD-4 and RGD+10) tolerated the insertion of an exogenous gene in the swine FMDV O/CHA/90 strain. However, only RGD-4 was a novel and appropriate inserting site which could tolerate exogenous FLAG. The resultant tagged virus is a promising candidate for FMD vaccine which can be differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA).

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Propagation of Strains of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Unweaned White Mice

Cited by 80 publications

References 7 publications

The Susceptibility of Some Australian Fauna to Infection With Foot and Mouth Disease Virus

The Susceptibility of Some Australian Fauna to Infection With Foot and Mouth Disease Virus

Aerosol sampling methods for the virus of foot-and-mouth disease and the measurement of virus penetration through aerosol filters

Insertion site of FLAG on foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 G-H loop affects immunogenicity of FLAG

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