Aerosol sampling methods for the virus of foot-and-mouth disease and the measurement of virus penetration through aerosol filters

Abstract

Single and multi-jet liquid impingers and membrane-filters were found to be efficient sampling devices for aerosols generated from suspensions of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Concentration of the aerosol samples with an adsorbent, Attaclay, facilitated the detection of small amounts of virus. Sodium dodecyl sulphate could be used for elution as the virus of FMD is resistant to this anionic detergent.The penetration of these aerosols through various air filtration media was determined using impinger samplers. A glass fibre paper was found to be the most efficient with a virus penetration of less than 0·001%.We wish to thank Dr D. W. Henderson and Dr H. M. Darlow, of M.R.E. and Mr R. G. Dorman of C.D.E. Porton for valuable prefatory discussions and advice. We are also indebted to Miss S. Cartwright for inoculating mice, to Miss M. Shoobridge and Mr S. Taylor for technical assistance, and to Vokes Ltd. for supplying materials.

The Role of Infectious Aerosols in Disease Transmission in Pigs

“…Each technique has advantages and drawbacks. Different sampling techniques have been evaluated in pig houses and with pig pathogens (see, for example, Thorne & Burrows, 1960;Hurtienne, 1967;Donaldson et al, 1982b;Crook et al, 1989;Thorne et al, 1992). It is generally agreed that there is no single air sampling technique that is ideal under all circumstances and which will meet all the goals of a study (Hurtienne, 1967;Cox, 1987;Mouilleseaux, 1990).…”

Airborne excretion of foot-and-mouth disease virus

“…Henderson (1969) has also studied the spread of disease in the Worcestershire area and attributed much of it to wind carriage. Methods and results of aerosol sampling of virus and infected cattle were reported by Thorne & Burrows (1960) and by Hyslop (1965). In this paper the results are given of the measurement of virus in aerosols produced by cattle, sheep and pigs infected with FMD virus.…”

Testing Air-Filtering Systems

“…niger spores as test agents. Thorne and Burrows (1960) used foot-and-mouth disease virus, Sadoff and Almlof (1956) used T3 coliphage tagged with radioactive phosphorus, and Maxon and Gaden (1956) used B. subtilis spores as test agents.…”