Promoting osteointegration effect of Cu-alloyed titanium in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease making patients be prone to the osteoporotic fracture (OPF). However, the clinical implants made of titanium and its alloys with a poor osseointegration need a long time for healing and easily to loosening. Thus, a new class of Cu-alloyed titanium (TiCu) alloys with excellent mechanical properties and bio-functionalization have been developed. In this study, the osteoporosis modeled rats were used to study the osteointegration effect and underlying mechanism of TiCu. The results showed that after implantation for 4 weeks, TiCu alloy could promote the reconstruction of vascular network around the implant by up-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. After 8 weeks, it could further promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, mineralization and deposition of collagens, and then significantly increasing bone mineral density (BMD) around the implant. In conclusion, TiCu alloy would enhance the fixation stability, accelerate the osteointegration, and thus reduce the risk of aseptic loosening during the long-term implantation in the osteoporosis environment. This study was the first to report the role and mechanism of a Cu alloyed metal in promoting osteointegration in osteoporosis environment, which provides a new attractive support for the improvement of future clinical applications of Cu-alloyed antibacterial titanium alloys.

Selenium-modified bone cement promotes osteoporotic bone defect repair in ovariectomized rats by restoring GPx1-mediated mitochondrial antioxidant functions

“…Several clinical and experimental studies have indicated that bone healing is dramatically delayed in osteoporotic patients [ 27 , 28 ]. Consistent with previous studies, OVX was performed to establish osteoporotic rat model in this study, and we depicted that BMMSCs derived from OVX rats have a poor proliferation ability and an impaired osteogenic potential [ 29 , 30 ]. Mitochondrial peroxide is one of the chief sources of ROS, and redox homeostasis in mitochondria of BMMSCs may take part in osteoporotic bone loss [ 31 ].…”

Collagen-chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone repair in ovariectomized rats

“…Preclinical studies using an experimental model similar to that employed in this study have attempted to improve the formation of new bone in rats submitted to ovariectomy (or other models of osteoporosis induction) using tissue engineering techniques. Zhang et al (2022) developed a new class of copper-alloyed titanium (TiCu) alloys with excellent mechanical properties and biofunctionalization 60 . The authors induced osteoporosis in rats to study the effect of osseointegration and the underlying mechanism of TiCu.…”

“…The alloy increased fixation stability, accelerated osseointegration, and thus reduced the risk of aseptic loosening during long-term implantation in the osteoporosis environment. The study of Zhang et al (2022) was the first to report the role and mechanism of a copper-alloyed metal in promoting osseointegration in the osteoporosis environment 60 .…”

Recent advances in regenerative biomaterials

“…With the material degradation, the metallic ions were released from the metals. Many metals contain the important elements required by human body including Fe, calcium (Ca), copper (Cu) [ 52 ] and Mg [ 53 ]. Therefore, taking advantage of the released ions could endow biomaterials more performances [ 54 ].…”