Prominent Inferior Labial Artery

Intra-oral calibre persistent artery

“…Diagnosis can be made clinically if the lesion is visible or by palpation if the lesion is pulsatile (Flaitz, 2000). To confirm the diagnosis most authors have used surgical biopsy which of course carries the risk of bleeding (Howell and Freeman, 1973;Miko et al, 1980Miko et al, , 1983Marshall and Leppard, 1985;Jaspers, 1992;Manganaro, 1998;Kua et al, 2000;Lewis, 2003), whereas Lovas and Goodday used angiography (Lovas and Goodday, 1993), while others used non-invasive techniques such as Doppler ultrasonography (Vazquez et al, 2005;Kocyigit et al, 2006).…”

“…This vascular anomaly has been described in the stomach and jejunum with different names including submucosal arterial malformation, Dieulafoy disease, cirsoid aneurysm, and exulceratio simplex (Varga et al, 1986;Vazquez et al, 2005;Scudiere et al, 2006). In the oral cavity, this abnormal artery was first described in 1973 by Howell and Freeman but they called it ''prominent inferior labial artery'' (Howell and Freeman, 1973). This was followed by a series of reports that used the term ''CPA'' (Miko et al, 1980(Miko et al, , 1983Marshall and Leppard, 1985;Jaspers, 1992;Lovas and Goodday, 1993;Lovas et al, 1998;Manganaro, 1998;Flaitz, 2000;Kua et al, 2000;Howell and Freeman, 2002;Lewis, 2003;Vazquez et al, 2005;Kocyigit et al, 2006).…”

“…It usually pulsates on gentle palpation and disappears when stretched (Lewis, 2003;Kocyigit et al, 2006). Microscopically, the lesion is characterised by normal muscular artery with irregular lumen whose size is abnormal for its submucosal location (Howell and Freeman, 1973;Manganaro, 1998).…”

High‐resolution color Doppler ultrasound of a caliber‐persistent artery of the lip, a simulator variant of dermatologic disease: case report and sonographic findings

“…On physical examination, it presents as an asymptomatic or sometimes ulcerated papular lesion, usually on the lower lip, which may be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor and can cause severe bleeding during biopsy or surgery. Howell and Freeman 2 investigated the frequency of this anomaly, inspecting the lips of 100 patients over the age of 40, and discovered a frequency of 3%. Formerly, the diagnosis was only clinical and histologic, but recently ultrasound has proven to be useful in the diagnosis of skin and oral cavity diseases 3–6 …”

Calibre-persistent labial artery: often misdiagnosed as a mucocoele

“…The reason why the artery maintains it dimensions without reducing in diameter is not understood. CPLA was first described by HOWELL & FREEDMAN 5 in 1973 and was called 'prominent inferior labial artery'. The current terminology was introduced by MIKO et al 10 in 1980.…”