Projection-Based AR: Effective Visual Feedback in Gait Rehabilitation

Sekhavat, Yoones A.; Namani, Mohammad Sadegh

doi:10.1109/thms.2018.2860579

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…There are some exploratory works that suggest employing AR for gait retraining. The results reported in [34] results in significant improvement in gait over a 2D monitor. Other research has reported the use of AR in gait posture training [35] reported statistically significant improvement in posture, balance, and velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A Quality of Experience assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system

et al. 2020

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Gait analysis is a technique that is used to understand movement patterns and, in some cases, to inform the development of rehabilitation protocols. Traditional rehabilitation approaches have relied on expert guided feedback in clinical settings. Such efforts require the presence of an expert to inform the re-training (to evaluate any improvement) and the patient to travel to the clinic. Nowadays, potential opportunities exist to employ the use of digitized "feedback" modalities to help a user to "understand" improved gait technique. This is important as clear and concise feedback can enhance the quality of rehabilitation and recovery. A critical requirement emerges to consider the quality of feedback from the user perspective i.e. how they process, understand and react to the feedback. In this context, this paper reports the results of a Quality of Experience (QoE) evaluation of two feedback modalities: Augmented Reality (AR) and Haptic, employed as part of an overall gait analysis system. The aim of the feedback is to reduce varus/valgus misalignments, which can cause serious orthopedics problems. The QoE analysis considers objective (improvement in knee alignment) and subjective (questionnaire responses) user metrics in 26 participants, as part of a within subject design. Participants answered 12 questions on QoE aspects such as utility, usability, interaction and immersion of the feedback modalities via post-test reporting. In addition, objective metrics of participant performance (angles and alignment) were also considered as indicators of the utility of each feedback modality. The findings show statistically significant higher QoE ratings for AR feedback. Also, the number of knee misalignments was reduced after users experienced AR feedback (35% improvement with AR feedback relative to baseline when compared to haptic). Gender analysis showed significant differences in performance for number of misalignments and time to correct valgus misalignment (for males when they experienced AR feedback). The female group self-reported higher utility and QoE ratings for AR when compared to male group.A QoE assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system PLOS ONE | https://doi.This section contains a critique of related research in terms of multimodal gait feedback systems and QoE assessments approaches for Haptic and AR (not all are specific to gait feedback). Each of these aspects are relevant to the scope of this work. PLOS ONEA QoE assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system PLOS ONE | https://doi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

A Quality of Experience assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system

et al. 2020

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“…It is important to highlight that previous research has shown to be effective and motivating [23], [24], [27], but they do not mention an improvement on the accuracy of the exercises. Only one research [26] showed a better performance in terms of a decrease in steps to complete an exercise. However, this presents a limitation regarding the usability of the system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A related research work is presented by Sekhavat et al [26]. In this context, a system that relies on projectionbased augmented reality to improve the understanding level between the body perception and the movement kinematics is presented.…”

Section: Related Work and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

PhyRe Up! A System Based on Mixed Reality and Gamification to Provide Home Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients

et al. 2021

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Stroke represents a global concern that currently affects a significant part of the world's population. Physical rehabilitation plays a fundamental role for stroke patients to recover mobility and improve quality of life. This process is costly, considering that patients must attend face-to-face rehabilitation sessions in hospitals or rehabilitation centers. Plus, there is a lack of specialized medical staff, who are usually insufficient to properly address the growing number of stroke patients that need physical rehabilitation. This situation has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, as some of the human resources have been devoted to fight against the pandemic, and the physical presence of rehabilitation patients in hospitals has been severely limited. This paper proposes PhyRe Up!, a novel remote rehabilitation system that uses mixed reality and gamification techniques. PhyRe Up! has been devised for stroke patients to perform therapeutic exercises at home, with great precision, and with the potential supervision of clinicians. The system aims to increase the patient's motivation as well as maintaining the quality of performance for the exercises, similar to the obtained levels when attending face-to-face sessions with therapists. The underlying architecture combines declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge to manage the rehabilitation process, which offers flexibility and scalability to enhance the capabilities of the proposed system. Experimental results highlight how the combination of mixed reality and gamification significantly influences the accuracy of rehabilitation exercises previously defined by therapists. Particularly, the conducted experiments in the first validation phase of PhyRe Up! shows that our proposal drastically reduces the intermediate steps required to complete an exercise thanks to the provided visual feedback. The accuracy with which the patient performs the assessed exercise for the first time is greater than when using traditional rehabilitation techniques.

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“…Conversely, visual cues, have been effective in the spatial guidance of gait recuperation [4], [5]. A common gait impairment is decreased stride length [16], [19], [25], and various studies have used projected lines and markers for spatial guidance during therapy [1]- [3]. Lim et al, for example, used a multi-modal robot to project lines and footprint cues while emitting auditory beeps corresponding with the gait cycle, which successfully increased the participant's stride length [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lim et al, for example, used a multi-modal robot to project lines and footprint cues while emitting auditory beeps corresponding with the gait cycle, which successfully increased the participant's stride length [1]. Sekhavat et al also increased a patient's stride length using projected cues on a treadmill and monitor display [3]. Although these methods were effective in stridelength recuperation, they required a great deal of concentration and some loss of efficacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Gait Guidance Using Audiovisual Cues of Synchronized Walking Avatar in Augmented Reality

et al. 2022

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There has been a growing interest in augmented reality (AR) methods for gait guidance and rehabilitation. These methods have been effective in guiding spatial gait parameters, such as stride length, and temporal cycle times when paired with rhythmic stimuli. However, few studies have explored the simultaneous spatial and temporal guidance of gaits and have primarily focused on one of several aspects. Gait parameters are related, and changing one might have unintended effects on others; thus, simultaneous guidance is required. In this study, we designed and evaluated a system that provides simultaneous spatial and temporal guidance using a synchronized walking avatar in AR. The system requires a head-mounted display (HMD) and presents a walking avatar involving auditory cues synchronized with the foot-contact timing of the participant via a mutual entrainment model. Spatial feedback is provided by distance changes between the participant and avatar, and the effects on stride length are observed. Phase difference changes between the avatar and participant serve as temporal cues that are used to guide the cycle time. The stride length and cycle-time of eight participants walking along a straight corridor wearing the HMD were recorded and analyzed. Four experimental conditions were applied comprising combinations of increases and decreases in the spatial and temporal cues. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that spatial and temporal feedback had almost independent effects on respective gait parameters. These findings reveal that this combination of spatiotemporal cueing can be extremely effective in gait guidance without loss of effectiveness from single modality cues.

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Projection-Based AR: Effective Visual Feedback in Gait Rehabilitation

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

A Quality of Experience assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system

A Quality of Experience assessment of haptic and augmented reality feedback modalities in a gait analysis system

PhyRe Up! A System Based on Mixed Reality and Gamification to Provide Home Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients

Spatiotemporal Gait Guidance Using Audiovisual Cues of Synchronized Walking Avatar in Augmented Reality

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