Progress of<i>Paenibacillus larvae larvae</i>infection in individually inoculated honey bee larvae reared singly<i>in vitro</i>, in micro colonies, or in full-size colonies

Brødsgaard, Camilla J.; Hansen, Hans Peter; Ritter, W.

doi:10.1080/00218839.2000.11101017

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…So far, these differences have been explained by differences in host tolerance and hygienic behavior of honeybees (2,3,8,9,15,16,19,20). Indeed, a study directly comparing a susceptible bee line with a resistant bee line revealed that differences between bee strains might account for a factor of 2 in the spore dose needed for causing clinical symptoms (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Genersch

Ashiralieva

Fries

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

167

252

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Virulence variations of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood disease of honeybees, were investigated by analysis of 16 field isolates of this pathogen, belonging to three previously characterized genotypes, as well as the type strain (ATCC 9545) of P. larvae subsp. larvae, with exposure bioassays. We demonstrated that the strain-specific 50% lethal concentrations varied within an order of magnitude and that differences in amount of time for the pathogen to kill 100% of the infected hosts (LT 100 ) correlated with genotype. One genotype killed rather quickly, with a mean LT 100 of 7.8 ؎ 1.7 days postinfection, while the other genotypes acted more slowly, with mean LT 100 s of 11.2 ؎ 0.8 and 11.6 ؎ 0.6 days postinfection.

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“…So far, studies addressing differences in the outcomes of AFB have only focused on aspects of host tolerance (2,3,9,15,16,20) but have neglected the possibility of variation in virulence among different strains of P. larvae subsp. larvae.…”

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confidence: 99%

Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Genersch

Ashiralieva

Fries

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

167

252

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“…Peng et al (1992) reported that they obtained 90.5% larval survival but only 74.5% survival until adult emergence. Brodsgaard et al (2000) reported 75% survival until the adults emerged. Unfortunately, in all of these reports, the amounts of food provided to the brood were not mentioned.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rearing worker bee larvae (Apis mellifera) under laboratory conditions has been done for several purposes, including studies of larval development (Michael and Abramovitz, 1955;Hoffman, 1960;Dixon and Shuel, 1963;Jay, 1964;Shuel and Dixon, 1968;Dietz, 1975;Rembold and Lackner, 1981;Vandenberg and Shimanuki, 1987), caste determination (Dietz and Haydak, 1970;Weiss, 1975;Shuel et al, 1978;Lensky, 1976, 1984;Rembold, 1987), caste determination and food consumption (Dietz and Lambremont, 1970), the effects of pathogens (Patel and Gochnauer, 1959;Gilliam et al, 1978;Vandenberg and Shimanuki, 1990;Brodsgaard et al, 1998Brodsgaard et al, , 2000, effects of antibiotics and toxicity of insecticides (Wittmann and Engels, 1980;Czoppelt and Rembold, 1988;Peng et al, 1992;Davis et al, 2000), and the impact of transgenic products (Brodsgaard et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing Africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) brood under laboratory conditions

Silva

Message²,

Cruz³

et al. 2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

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AbStRACt. We developed a method for rearing larvae of Africanized bees under laboratory conditions to determine the amount of diet needed during larval development to obtain a worker bee. We started with larvae 18-24 h old, which were transferred to polyethylene cell cups and fed for five days. We found that the amount of diet needed for successful larval development was: 4, 15, 25, 50, and 70 µL during the first to fifth days, respectively. The survival rate to the adult stage was 88.6% when the larvae received the daily amount of diet divided into two feedings, and 80% when they received only one feeding per day. The adult weight obtained in the laboratory, when the larvae received the daily amount of diet in a single dose, did not differ from those that were developed under field conditions (our control). All adults that we obtained in laboratory appeared to be normal. This technique has the potential to facilitate studies on brood pathogens, resistance mechanisms to diseases and also might be useful to test the impacts of transgenic products on honey bee brood.

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“…larvae is the only known causative pathogen of American foulbrood (AFB) (5,7,8). The disease has spread worldwide (9,10) and is causing a significant decrease in honeybee populations and significant drops of honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly, and beeswax production (11). AFB is a highly deleterious bacterial honeybee disease that only affects the larval stages of the honeybee (2,12), with 24-to 48-h-old larvae being most susceptible to P. larvae (2).…”

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Low-Molecular-Weight Metabolites Secreted by Paenibacillus larvae as Potential Virulence Factors of American Foulbrood

Schild

Fuchs

Bode

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae causes a severe and highly infective bee disease, American foulbrood (AFB). Despite the large economic losses induced by AFB, the virulence factors produced by P. larvae are as yet unknown. To identify such virulence factors, we experimentally infected young, susceptible larvae of the honeybee, Apis mellifera carnica, with different P. larvae isolates. Honeybee larvae were reared in vitro in 24-well plates in the laboratory after isolation from the brood comb. We identified genotype-specific differences in the etiopathology of AFB between the tested isolates of P. larvae, which were revealed by differences in the median lethal times. Furthermore, we confirmed that extracts of P. larvae cultures contain low-molecular-weight compounds, which are toxic to honeybee larvae. Our data indicate that P. larvae secretes metabolites into the medium with a potent honeybee toxic activity pointing to a novel pathogenic factor(s) of P. larvae. Genome mining of P. larvae subsp. larvae BRL-230010 led to the identification of several biosynthesis gene clusters putatively involved in natural product biosynthesis, highlighting the potential of P. larvae to produce such compounds.

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Progress ofPaenibacillus larvae larvaeinfection in individually inoculated honey bee larvae reared singlyin vitro, in micro colonies, or in full-size colonies

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Rearing Africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) brood under laboratory conditions

Low-Molecular-Weight Metabolites Secreted by Paenibacillus larvae as Potential Virulence Factors of American Foulbrood

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