Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of
            <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>
            subsp.
            <i>larvae</i>
            , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Genersch, Elke; Ashiralieva, Ainura; Fries, Ingemar

doi:10.1128/aem.71.11.7551-7555.2005

Cited by 170 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the influence of bee subspecies on their susceptibility could be the subject of further investigation. Finally, there may be distinctions in the virulence of the haplotypes of N. ceranae (Williams et al, 2008a, b) similarly to the genotype-specific ones of Paenibacillus larvae (Genersch et al, 2005Ashiralieva and Genersch, 2006 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance of Nosema ceranae in honey bees in the Balkan countries in the absence of symptoms of colony collapse disorder

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance of Nosema ceranae in honey bees in the Balkan countries in the absence of symptoms of colony collapse disorder

et al. 2011

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“…Since then a wide range of strains of P. larvae that all cause the typical AFB symptoms have been described. Recently Genersch et al (2006) identified four genotypes (ERIC I to ERIC IV) of these bacteria with different levels of virulence (Genersch et al 2005(Genersch et al , 2006.…”

Section: History Of the Identification Of Afb As A Honeybee Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Honeybee Disease American Foulbrood — An African Perspective

et al. 2011

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Sustaining apiculture worldwide has been threatened by bee diseases and unexplained colony losses. African honeybee populations seem healthier and no major losses have been reported despite the presence of all the major pests and diseases. The scattered colonies in the large wild population of the continent might ensure slow pathogen spread and thus protect the unmanaged colonies in comparison with the concentration of colonies in managed apiaries. Beekeeping and trade in bee products is responsible for spreading many diseases throughout the world. The recent outbreak of the bacterial disease American foulbrood (AFB) in South Africa is a matter of great concern. Despite a growing number of apiaries testing positive for AFB, no major colony losses have been reported yet. This could be based on higher disease resistance of African honeybees, but such a trait might not persist if pathogens accumulate in the hives. In the first part of this article we review what is known on the history, biology and epidemiology of AFB as well as the control methods available. We then argue that given the particular context of honeybees in Africa, protection policies need to be put in place to ensure that African honeybees remain healthy.

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“…This disease causes the decline of the population. American foulbrood can also lead to the death of the colony (Genersch et al, 2005;Santos et al, 2012). The causative agent is Paenibacillus larvae (White), a gram positive and sporeforming bacterium that is distributed worldwide (Spivak and Reuter, 2001;Genersch et al, 2006).…”

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Potential Use of Buddleja Thyrsoides for the Control and Prevention of American Foulbrood Disease in Honey Bees

Boligon

Piana

Brum

et al. 2014

Journal of Apicultural Science

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a b s t r a c t Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of american foulbrood (afb), a severe disease that affects the larvae of the honeybees. the use of plant extracts are considered to be an alternative way of controlling the disease. in this study, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of buddleja thyrsoides lam. against the Paenibacillus species, including P. larvae, was evaluated. in mueller-hinton broth, the minimal inhibitory concentration (miC) was assessed using the microdilution method. all Paenibacillus species were sensitive to the crude extract and the fractions of b. thyrsoides. the ethyl acetate (ea) fraction showed a better result with miC values of 1.68 -3.36 mg/ml, followed by butanolic (bU) (miC = 2.18 -6.54 mg/ml), dichloromethane (dCm) (7.40 -14.80 mg/ml), and crude extract (Ce) (7.51 -16.90 mg/ml). the toxic effect of the Ce and fractions of b. thyrsoides against bees were also evaluated using the spraying application method with the same concentrations of miCs. bee mortality was evident in treatment with dCm fractions only, while Ce, ea, and bU extracts showed no toxic effects after 15 days of observation. furthermore, phenolic acids, tannins, and flavonoids were identified and quantified by highperformance liquid chromatography (hPlC), and may be partially responsible for the antimicrobial properties observed. these results show, for the first time, that b. thyrsoides might be a natural alternative for the prevention/control of afb.

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Strain- and Genotype-Specific Differences in Virulence of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae , a Bacterial Pathogen Causing American Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees

Cited by 170 publications

References 18 publications

Dominance of Nosema ceranae in honey bees in the Balkan countries in the absence of symptoms of colony collapse disorder

Dominance of Nosema ceranae in honey bees in the Balkan countries in the absence of symptoms of colony collapse disorder

The Honeybee Disease American Foulbrood — An African Perspective

Potential Use of Buddleja Thyrsoides for the Control and Prevention of American Foulbrood Disease in Honey Bees

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