Programmable Zoom Lens System with Two Spatial Light Modulators: Limits Imposed by the Spatial Resolution

Davis, Jeffrey A.; Hall, Trevor Ian; Moreno, Ignacio; Sorger, Jason P.; Cottrell, Don M.

doi:10.3390/app8061006

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The most versatile of these devices is the transmissive spatial light modulator (SLM), which however suffers from a very limited fill factor (~35%), since thin film transistors (TFTs) behind a chrome mask are placed inside the active area 11 . In the SLM each pixel is addressed individually, no matter the simple cylindrically symmetric desired phase pattern.…”

Section: Multi-electrode Lenses and Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widely tunable large area thin liquid crystals lens

García

Caño‐García

Arregui

et al. 2022

Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XXIII

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Reconfigurable diffractive lenses manufactured in liquid crystal are presented. The lenses show an unprecedented performance in terms of active diameter and focal distance range when compared to any other transparent adaptive lens. The lenses are characterized by an active area free of electronic components, with a fill factor of 98% which combined with a low operating voltage (<10Vrms), open for applications ranging from eye contact lenses to space applications. The addressing of the liquid crystal is done exclusively from the periphery of the device. The lenses are based on tunable spiral diffractive lenses (SDL) for which the focal length may be changed by changing the topological charge, i.e. twist of the spiral in the lens. The twist in the resulting wavefront is eliminated by cascading two spiral plates with opposite twists emulating a conventional diffractive lens. The presented lenses have a tuning range from -2 to +2 diopters and an active diameter of 25mm.

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Section: Multi-electrode Lenses and Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widely tunable large area thin liquid crystals lens

García

Caño‐García

Arregui

et al. 2022

Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XXIII

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“…The spiral symmetry of the SDL allows for peripheral passive addressing of the electrodes directing the LC, which leads to a fill factor of 98%, much higher than what can be achieved in conventional transparent spatial light modulators. [ 21 ] Passive addressing is the simplest and most cost effective way of addressing an LC device, and avoids the placement of thin‐film‐transistors, and other electronics in the active area.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spiral symmetry of the SDL allows for peripheral passive addressing of the electrodes directing the LC, which leads to a fill factor of 98%, much higher than what can be achieved in conventional transparent spatial light modulators. [21] Passive addressing is undistorted imaging becomes possible. Any presence of a residual OAM, caused by the twist in the SDL, would result in focal rings rather than a spot, [23,25] and would compromise the resulting lens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Spiral Diffractive Lenses—Lenses With a Twist

Geday

Caño‐García

Otón

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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An SDL results from adding the radially varying phase delay of a conventional Fresnel diffractive lens [22] with the azimuthally varying phase delay of a spiral phase plate (SPP) [23] and then perform a phase-wrapping about 2π (Figure 1a-c). A similar process has recently been presented by Guo et al. for generating axicons. [24] An alternative SDL could have been produced starting with a lens with twice the optical power and twice the topological charge (Figure 1d-f). The equation describing the constant phase spiral symmetry of this lens can be cast as

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“…Davis et al [13], in imaging applications, demonstrate a programmable zoom lens system where the magnification and sense of the image can be controlled without moving any parts. They use two programmable SLMs onto which they encode the required focal length lenses to achieve these results.…”

Section: Special Issue Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%