Program death ligand‐1 immunocytochemistry in lung cancer cytological samples: A systematic review

Satturwar, Swati; Girolami, Ilaria; Munari, Enrico; Ciompi, Francesco; Eccher, Albino; Pantanowitz, Liron

doi:10.1002/dc.24955

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(191 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The frequent limitation of material to cytologic specimens complicates issues of PD‐L1 expression heterogeneity as well as optimal cytologic specimen type and fixation method 15,16 . Despite these challenges, cytologic specimens have been shown to be acceptable samples for PD‐L1 analysis 17–41 . A number of issues impact the optimal type of specimen for PD‐L1 analysis 17–41 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite these challenges, cytologic specimens have been shown to be acceptable samples for PD‐L1 analysis 17–41 . A number of issues impact the optimal type of specimen for PD‐L1 analysis 17–41 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other specimen characteristics also complicate evaluation of PD‐L1 expression due to overlapping and three‐dimensional clustering of cells, separation of macrophages from tumor cells, and contamination of some cytology specimens with excessive blood 31 . Additionally, some cytologic specimens may be unacceptable for PD‐L1 scoring due to an inadequately cellular specimen 34 . Kravtsov et al 32 show that 84% of all studied cases were adequate for evaluation with greater than 100 tumor cells present in the specimen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A relatively small number of studies have reported concordance statistics for other specimen types. Gosney et al 33 and Satturwar et al 34 have published systematic reviews of PD‐L1 testing in cytology specimens. These studies have been associated with kappas ranging from 0.31, 34 0.38, 35 and 0.39 36 consistent with fair agreement to 0.68, 37 0.91, 38 0.82, 39 and 0.73 40 associated with substantial agreement.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gosney et al 33 and Satturwar et al 34 have published systematic reviews of PD‐L1 testing in cytology specimens. These studies have been associated with kappas ranging from 0.31, 34 0.38, 35 and 0.39 36 consistent with fair agreement to 0.68, 37 0.91, 38 0.82, 39 and 0.73 40 associated with substantial agreement. Many studies have not published formal kappa statistics for agreement but have published percentage agreements varying from 74.1% to 97.3% 13,18–20,24,41–56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

PD‐L1 immunohistochemical testing: A review with reference to cytology specimens

Layfield

Zhang²,

Esebua

2022

Diagnostic Cytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Immunotherapy based on disruption of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is standard of care for many high stage malignancies including melanomas, non-small cell carcinomas of the lung, triple negative breast carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Eligibility for immunotherapy requires immunohistochemical assessment of PD-L1 expression. Currently, many high stage malignancies are diagnosed by cytology and cytologic material is the only specimen available for ancillary testing. Formal guidelines do not currently exist defining the optimal specimen type, antibody to be used or the best scoring system for cytologic material. Significant information has been published for PD-L1 testing of pulmonary specimens but much less data exists for the reproducibility, accuracy and best practices for material obtained from other body sites and types of malignancy. Methods:We searched the PubMed data base for manuscripts relating to PD-L1 testing of cytologic specimens. The search period was between 2016 and 2022. The search terms used were PD-L1, cytology, FNA, immunotherapy, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, cytology-histology correlation. Cross referencing techniques were used to screen for the most relevant manuscripts. The abstracts of these were then reviewed for final data collection and analysis.Results: A total of 86 studies were identified conforming to study relevancy. These were reviewed in their entirety by two authors (LJL, TZ) for extraction of data. The majority of studies involved pulmonary specimens (79) with three relating to PD-L1 testing of head and neck cytologic specimens and one each for PD-L1 testing of cytology specimens from melanomas, pancreas, pleural fluids, and triple negative breast carcinomas. While smears could be used, most studies found cell blocks optimal for testing.Summary: Currently, four drugs are approved for immunotherapy based on PD-L1 status. These drugs require specific antibody clones as well as scoring systems. Scoring systems and cut points vary with the type of neoplasm being treated. Cytology specimens from the lung, head and neck and melanomas can all be used for PD-L1 testing with good agreement with corresponding histology specimens.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

PD‐L1 immunohistochemical testing: A review with reference to cytology specimens

Layfield

Zhang²,

Esebua

2022

Diagnostic Cytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Program death ligand‐1 immunocytochemistry in lung cancer cytological samples: A systematic review

Satturwar

Girolami

Munari

et al. 2022

Diagnostic Cytopathology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this era of personalized medicine, targeted immunotherapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) blocking the programmed death-1 (PD-1)/program death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis have become an integral part of treating advanced stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and many other cancer types. Multiple monoclonal antibodies are available commercially to detect PD-L1 expression in tumor cells by immunohistochemistry (IHC). As most clinical trials initially required tumor biopsy for PD-L1 detection by IHC, many of the currently available PD-1/PD-L1 assays have been developed and validated on formalin fixed tissue specimens. The majority (>50%) of lung cancer cases do not have a surgical biopsy or resection specimen available for ancillary testing and instead must rely primarily on fine needle aspiration biopsy specimens for diagnosis, staging and ancillary tests. Review of the literature shows multiple studies exploring the feasibility of PD-L1 IHC on cytological samples. In addition, there are studies addressing various aspects of IHC validation on cytology preparations including pre-analytical (e.g., different fixatives), analytical (e.g., antibody clone, staining platforms, inter and intra-observer agreement, cytology-histology concordance) and post-analytical (e.g., clinical outcome) issues. Although promising results in this field have emerged utilizing cytology samples, many important questions still need to be addressed. This review summarizes the literature of PD-L1 IHC in lung cytology specimens and provides practical tips for optimizing analysis.

show abstract

Efficacy of cross‐line anti‐programmed death 1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 antibody in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A retrospective study

Zhao,

Cheng,

Guo

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and AimsImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across multiple treatment lines have not yet been evaluated comprehensively. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether or not continuous cross‐line ICIs therapy is effective in treating non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective investigation into the medical histories of 47 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC and treated with ICIs at the Peking University First Hospital between January 2018 and June 2022.ResultsDue to the progression of their disease, 14 patients were given the same ICIs, 5 patients were given different ICIs, and 6 patients discontinued taking ICIs altogether. The objective response rates were 7.140% in the ICIs cross‐line treatment group, 0% in the replacement of ICIs treatment group, and 0% in the discontinuation of ICIs treatment group. The disease control rates were 64.260% in the ICIs cross‐line treatment group, 60% in the replacement of ICIs treatment group, and 0% in the discontinuation of ICIs treatment group. The average overall survival durations of the three groups were 24.020 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.061–30.979), 31.643 (95% CI: 23.513–39.774), and 7.997 (95% CI: 3.746–12.247) months, respectively (p = 0.003). The median second progression‐free survival (PFS2) durations of the three groups were 4.570 (95% CI: 3.276–5.864), 3.530 (95% CI: 0.674–6.386), and 1.570 (95% CI: 0–4.091) months, respectively (p = 0.091).ConclusionsCross‐line ICIs cannot improve the prognosis and PFS2 of patients with NSCLC, but compared to discontinuing ICIs, OS may be prolonged. A few patients may benefit from prolonged ICIs therapy.

show abstract

Program death ligand‐1 immunocytochemistry in lung cancer cytological samples: A systematic review

Cited by 11 publications

References 102 publications

PD‐L1 immunohistochemical testing: A review with reference to cytology specimens

PD‐L1 immunohistochemical testing: A review with reference to cytology specimens

Program death ligand‐1 immunocytochemistry in lung cancer cytological samples: A systematic review

Efficacy of cross‐line anti‐programmed death 1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 antibody in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A retrospective study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About