Prognostic impact of serum and tissue MMP-9 in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) was one of the most important enzyme to breakdown extracellular matrix, aim to clarify the prognostic value of MMP-9 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we investigated the serum MMP-9 of NSCLC patients and performed a meta-analysis of the published literature. The expression and activity of serum MMP-9 were assessed by ELISA and gelatin zymography in 163 NSCLC patients. Moreover, 26 studies were included in meta-analysis by searching Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge. Our own data revealed high activity but not expression of MMP-9 significantly correlated with advanced T category and positive metastasis. In contrast, the meta-analysis revealed that increased MMP-9 level indicate high T category (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.94), tumor stage (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.63-0.82) and poor OS (5-year overall survival, RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.19-1.48). Moreover, stratified analysis based on sample types found that high MMP-9 expression in tissue specimen but not serum was significant correlated with advanced T category (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72-0.92), tumor stage (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.60-0.80) and poor 5-year OS (1.33, 95% CI: 1.18-1.50). In conclusion, the activity of MMP-9 was positively correlated with advanced T category and distant metastasis. Moreover, the meta-analysis revealed that overexpression of MMP-9 in tissue but not in serum was a risk factor of advanced T category, tumor stage and poor outcome.

Differential diagnosis of lung cancer, its metastasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on serum Vegf, Il-8 and MMP-9

“…However, we didn’t find significant difference between the levels of serum MMP-9 in metastatic and non-metastatic lung cancer patients. These results are in agreement with recent meta-analysis, where the activity but the not the level of MMP-9 in serum was found to be correlated with lung cancer metastasis27. Moreover, our results also showed increased levels of serum VEGF and MMP-9 in lung cancer patients compared to the healthy donors, which are in agreement with studies showing higher level of these markers in lung cancer patients compared to benign or normal counterparts2829.…”

Pinostilbene Hydrate Suppresses Human Oral Cancer Cell Metastasis by Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Through the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway

“…During metastasis, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by extracellular proteinases contributes to the progression of tumor cell migration and invasion [9,10]. Tumor invasion of the ECM initiates a metastatic cascade, and furthermore, it is an active process that can be divided into several subprocesses: (1) changes in tumor cell-cell interaction; (2) degradation of the ECM; (3) attachment to novel ECM components; and (4) migration of tumor cells [11].…”

β‐mangostin suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion through inhibition of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expression and activating the ERK and JNK pathways

“…Migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells and the related degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) are closely associated with the development of malignant tumors. ECM degradation by extracellular proteinases is a key step, contributing to the progression of tumor cell invasion and metastasis . Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), which are primarily responsible for ECM degradation in vivo represent a family of functionally related zinc‐containing enzymes that include interstitial collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysin, matrilysin, metalloelastase, and membrane‐type MMPs .…”