Prognostic Factors for Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the Lymph Nodes, Lung, and Bone: Analysis of 5,768 Patients with Average 10‐year Follow‐up

Ito, Yasuhiro; Kudo, Takumi; Kobayashi, Kaoru; Miya, Akihiro; Ichihara, Kiyoshi; Miyauchi, Akira

doi:10.1007/s00268-012-1423-5

Cited by 218 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. On the other hand, it has been reported that younger PTC patients have lower disease-free survival (DFS) than middle-aged patients.…”

Section: Categories Of Thyroid Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Khosravi¹,

Kouhi²,

Saeedi³

et al. 2017

Diagnosis and Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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Rapidly increasing trend of thyroid cancer incidence has turned this disease into a global concern. An estimated number of 64,300 new cases of thyroid cancer occurred in men and women in 2016, which represents 3.8% of all new cancer cases of USA (htps://seer. cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html). Thus, there is a high possibility for every physician to encounter a case of thyroid cancer during his/her professional lifetime. In this chapter, we clariied epidemiology, diferent categories, and new approaches toward diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer.Keywords: thyroid cancer, epidemiology, diferentiated thyroid cancer, undiferentiated thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule Detailed epidemiology of thyroid cancerAs the most common endocrine cancer and ifth most common cancer in women, thyroid cancer includes approximately 1-1.5% of all new cases of cancer diagnosed annually in the USA based on previous data [1][2][3]. Thyroid cancer is more prevalent among women and those with positive family history of thyroid disease. Some prior studies have reported a worldwide increasing trend for thyroid cancer incidence in recent decades [4]. Annual percent change (APC) is a commonly used indicator for the assessment of changes in incidence. Based on US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, it has been reported 2.4% from 1980 to 1997 and 6.6% from 1997 to 2009 in both genders for thyroid cancer (data available at htp://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html).© 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.According to [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] data, the rate of new cases of thyroid cancer was 13.9 per 100,000 men and women per year (Figure 1). Table 1 summarizes number of new cases per 100,000 persons by race/ethnicity and sex. A recently published study on adolescent cancer incidence during 1975-2012 has reported a 2.12% increase for females and 1.59% for males between 15 and 19 years of age [5]. However, there is a study indicating that thyroid cancer incidence trend has slowed following release of American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline in 2009 [6, 7]. It has been reported that overall thyroid cancer incidence had an increasing trend about 8% per year from 2000 to 2009. But APC showed a deceleration about 3% in men and 2.8% in women, which was conined to tumors less than 2.9 cm of size for women [7].Also, thyroid cancer-related mortality was estimated to consist 0.3% of all cancer-related deaths in 2016. A 5-year survival rate of 98.1% has been reported for thyroid cancer. Despite increasing trend of incidence, thyroid cancer mortality has a relatively stable rate about 0.5 cases per 100,000 persons both from 1973 to 2002 and 2009 to 2013 [8, 9].In conclusion, it seems that thyroid cancer has been following an ...

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“…[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. On the other hand, it has been reported that younger PTC patients have lower disease-free survival (DFS) than middle-aged patients.…”

Section: Categories Of Thyroid Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMES has marked tumor size more than 5 cm as high risk and UICC set two cut of at 2 and 4 cm [25,27]. Most of the recent studies have set the cut of at 3-4 cm according to prognosis of PTC patients [25,[27][28][29][30]35]. …”

Section: Categories Of Thyroid Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Khosravi¹,

Kouhi²,

Saeedi³

et al. 2017

Diagnosis and Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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“…To date, many studies have demonstrated that old age significantly affected the CSS of PTC patients, by setting the cutoff age at 40-55 yrs [13,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. We also showed that CSS showed a tendency similar to distant recurrence-free survival (40s vs. 50s, p = 0.0138): 50s vs. 60s, p < 0.0001: 60s vs. 70s, p = 0.0060) [23].…”

Section: B Cause-specific Survival (Css) Of Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis and growth activity depend on patient age in clinical and subclinical papillary thyroid carcinoma [Review]

et al. 2014

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Abstract. In this review, we focused on the patient age as an indicator of tumor growth and prognostic significance in both clinical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and subclinical papillary microcarcinoma (PMC: PTC ≤ 1 cm). In clinical PTC, young age (< 30 years) and old age (≥ 60 years) significantly affected the disease-free survival of patients, and old age was a strong predictor of carcinoma death. In contrast, in subclinical PMC, growth activity significantly decreased with patient age, and young age (< 40 years) was an independent predictor of carcinoma growth, indicating that old patients with subclinical PMC are the best candidates for observation without immediate surgery. Taken together, our findings indicate that the role of patients' age as an indicator of tumor growth differs significantly between clinical PTC and subclinical PMC.

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“…In conclusion, PTC among Filipinos presents at a younger age, with a larger tumor size, higher degree of distant metasta- Data from Baek et al [28] and Ito et al [29]. Data from Kim et al [30] and Asari et al [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Well-differentiated thyroid cancer: the Philippine General Hospital experience

Maningat

2015

EJEA

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Background: Well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) is the most common form of thyroid malignancy. While it is typically associated with good prognosis, it may exhibit higher recurrence and mortality rates in selected groups, particularly Filipinos. This paper aims to describe the experience of a Philippine Hospital in managing patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods:We performed a retrospective cohort study of 723 patients with WDTC (649 papillary and 79 follicular), evaluating the clinicopathologic profiles, ultrasound features, management received, tumor recurrence, and eventual outcome over a mean follow-up period of 5 years. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 44±13 years (range, 18 to 82), with a majority of cases occurring in the younger age group (<45 years). Most tumors were between 2 and 4 cm in size. The majority of papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs, 63.2%) and follicular thyroid cancers (FTCs, 54.4%) initially presented as stage 1, with a greater proportion of FTC cases (12.7% vs. 3.7%) presenting with distant metastases. Nodal metastases at presentation were more frequent among patients with PTC (29.9% vs. 7.6%). A majority of cases were treated by complete thyroidectomy, followed by radioactive iodine therapy and thyroid stimulating hormone suppression, resulting in a disease-free state. Excluding patients with distant metastases at presentation, the recurrence rates for papillary and FTC were 30.1% and 18.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, PTC among Filipinos was associated with a more aggressive and recurrent behavior. FTC among Filipinos appeared to behave similarly with other racial groups.

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Prognostic Factors for Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the Lymph Nodes, Lung, and Bone: Analysis of 5,768 Patients with Average 10‐year Follow‐up

Cited by 218 publications

References 25 publications

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Prognosis and growth activity depend on patient age in clinical and subclinical papillary thyroid carcinoma [Review]

Well-differentiated thyroid cancer: the Philippine General Hospital experience

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