Production of Ketoglutarate by Penicillium chrysogenum

Hockenhull, D. J. D.; Wilkin, G. D.; Winder, Frank G.

doi:10.1038/1681043a0

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Metabolic products obtained at pH 5-0. The isolation and characterization of the 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of a-oxoglutaric acid under these conditions have been described already (Hockenhull et al 1951). Similar experiments yielded pyruvic acid almost exclusively.…”

Section: °mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…This was almost wholly the derivative of m-oxoglutarate. Its characterization is described elsewhere (Hockenhull et al 1951).…”

Section: °mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO -CO2H), a compound with a carbon chain sinrilar to that of penicillamine, has been isolated from Aspergilluws niger by Hida (1935) and, later, by Ramachandran & Walker (1951, but whereas our organism was found to produce keto acids, this acid was not isolated under parallel conditions. When lactate was used as starting material, a-oxoglutaric acid was isolated (Hockenhull, Wilkin & Winder, 1951). This work has been extended to cover other aspects of the metabolism of lactate and acetate so as to elucidate their general effects on the metabolic processes ofP.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Hockenhull¹,

Herbert²,

Walker³

et al. 1954

Biochemical Journal

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confidence: 70%

“…This was almost wholly the derivative of m-oxoglutarate. Its characterization is described elsewhere (Hockenhull et al 1951).…”

Section: °mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Hockenhull¹,

Herbert²,

Walker³

et al. 1954

Biochemical Journal

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“…Examination of the suspending fluid for possible end products showed the presence of keto acids which were tentatively identified as pyruvate and o-ketoglutarate by partition chromatography. The production of a-ketoglutarate by micro-organisms has been reported by Lockwood & Stodola (1946) using a strain of P8.fluorescen8; by Dagley, Fewster & Happold (1952) using Vibrio, strain 01; by Hockenhull, Wilkin & Winder (1951) using Pencillium chry8ogenum; by Walker, Hapton & Hall (1951) using Aqpergillus niger; and by Hunter (1952) usingMycobacteriumbutyricum. Lockwood & Stodola (1946) showed that when their strain of P8.…”

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confidence: 84%

Oxidative pathways in a fluorescent Pseudomonas

Kogut

Podoski

1953

Biochemical Journal

110

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“…a-Ketoglutaric acid has been detected also amongst the products of mold metabolism during deamination of glutamic acid by Aspergillus oryzae (Uemura, 1939) and in other reactions. Starved mycelial suspensions of Penicillium chrysogenum shaken aerobically with lactate in the presence of arsenite form a-ketoglutaric acid (Hockenhull et al, 1951); and felts of Aspergillus niger, floated on phosphate buffer containing arsenite, form a-ketoglutaric, pyruvic, and dimethylpyruvic acids from endogenous materials, the yield of ketonic acids being increased when glucose is added (Walker et al, 1951).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid Formation in Cultures of Mycobacterium Butyricum

Hunter

1953

J Bacteriol

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Smith (1904-1905a, b) was the first to show that human and bovine types of tubercle bacilli gave different reaction curves in glycerol broth. Although both types produced an initial alkalinity, the human type alone gave terminal acidity. Smith (1910) claimed that reaction curves were useful in distinguishing human from bovine types, but atypical curves led subsequent workers to abandon the test. The cause of terminal acidity is problematical. Smith (1910), Long et al. (1922), and Henley and Le Duc (1939) suggested that acids are formed from glycerol. Merrill (1930, 1931a,b), who cultivated pathogenic and saprophytic mycobacteria on broth and on synthetic media, believed that glycerol like available carbohydrates was oxidized completely without the accumulation of intermediate products. These divergent opinions may arise from the use of nitrogenous sources with different effects on glycerol metabolism, or from the use of media with different glycerol/nitrogen ratios (Goyl, 1936; Henley and Le Duc, 1939); and the uncertainty is aggravated by failure to identify the organic acids supposed to accumulate (Dingle and Weinzirl, 1932; Wedum, 1936). During the routine cultivation of acid fast bacteria on glycerol broth, it was noticed that most species gave a terminal alkalinity, whereas Mycobacterium butyricum regularly showed a terminal acidity. In view of the important bearing acidic products may have on the theory of terminal oxidation in aerobic bacteria, the phenomenon has been investigated in some detail. MATERIALS AND METHODS Organisms. The following species from the National Collection of Type Cultures, Lister Institute, London, were examined: Mycobacterium phlei (no. 525), Mycobacterium smegmatis (no. 523), Mycobacterium stercoris (no. 3820), and Mycobacterium butyricum (no. 337). Cultures. Stock cultures were maintained on 5 per cent glycerol broth for several generations before experimental use. In this paper the term "broth" is used to denote beef infusion to which

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Production of Ketoglutarate by Penicillium chrysogenum

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Organic acid metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum. 1. Lactate and acetate

Oxidative pathways in a fluorescent Pseudomonas

Acid Formation in Cultures of Mycobacterium Butyricum

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