Production of Hydrogen from Ethanol: Review of Reaction Mechanism and Catalyst Deactivation

Ambient pressure XPS and IRRAS investigation of ethanol steam reforming on Ni–CeO2(111) catalysts: an in situ study of C–C and O–H bond scission

“…The chemistry of water and OH formation in the ESR reaction, appears to be pivotal, and may lead to the protection of the active sites and mitigate deactivation. 1 To gain further insights into the effect of water and its associated hydroxyl groups on the reaction in an in situ manner, we sequentially introduced 200 mTorr of water into the ethanol ambient while the surface was kept at 700 K, as shown in figure 7. In the C 1s spectra, the instant decrease of the intensity of the surface carbon peak at 284.8 eV upon 20 the introduction of water is evident, whereas the intensity of the carbon oxygenates related peaks (288.0 eV-289.0 eV) increased, clearly demonstrating the oxidation process through the complete dissociation of H2O and incorporation of O.…”

Hydrogen Production by the Steam Reforming of Bio-Ethanol over Nickel-Based Catalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

“…In order to maximize the hydrogen yield, an excess of water is usually fed to carry out the water-gas shift reaction [14]. Ethanol steam reforming is a very complex reaction where many reaction pathways are possible [15]. Some of them are favored depending on the catalyst used [16].…”

Oxidative steam reforming of ethanol over Rh catalyst supported on Ce1−xLaxOy (x = 0.3) solid solution prepared by urea co-precipitation method

“…Bio-ethanol is an ideal chemical carrier of hydrogen for several reasons [4e8]: (1) it can be derived from renewable biomass resources that make the production of hydrogen sustainable; (2) except for methanol, which is more toxic, ethanol's hydrogen/carbon ratio is higher than that of other liquid hydrocarbons or oxygenates; (3) it is free from catalyst poisons such as sulfur; (4) it is easy to transport and biodegradable. In order to power vehicles by hydrogen energy produced from ethanol, oxidative steam reforming (OSR) of ethanol has been widely investigated due to its properties of high ethanol conversion and H 2 selectivity [9], low coke deposition [1], CO selectivity [10] and heat supply [11] at low temperatures.…”

“…This is mainly because redox supports such as ceria and ceriacontaining mixed oxides improve catalyst stability due to their high oxygen storage/release capacity (OSC) and oxygen mobility [4,15]. To further increase the OSC and stability of ceria-containing catalysts, ceria is frequently combined with other metal ions to create solid solutions [16].…”