Production of Dissolving-Grade Pulp

Bajpai, Pratima

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1409-4_12

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One observation across the DP acetate grades is that HW and SW acetate models require higher NaOH changes in the CCE stage than HW and SW viscose models. The CCE stage uses NaOH and it is necessary to remove hemicelluloses and achieve pulp specifications for high α-cellulose (above 96%). , Therefore, the upstream production of bleaching chemicals (refer to the Tables SI-4 and SI-5 to see the chemical charges on the pulp for DP grades) is a significant contributor to global warming (i.e., sodium chlorate and sodium hydroxide), which is in agreement with other studies that report chemicals as hotspots for pulp production. ,,, On the other hand, the environmental impacts of SW grades and SW pulp are offset by the credits from the byproducts (i.e., tall oil and turpentine), which are assumed to replace products such as soap and solvent, as seen in the contribution analysis in Figure .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Depending on the final product requirements, the % ISO brightness can be as high as 98%, this is specific to DP acetate grades, and DP viscose is in a lower range ∼94%. ,,− Bleaching is a process to increase the brightness of the pulp by removing any remaining amount of lignin content . Bleaching is usually one of the largest water consumer stages in pulp production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important biobased material used for many specialty cellulose end-products is dissolving pulp (DP). The global consumption of DP was estimated at 9.4 million tonnes per year in 2018. , Dissolving pulp is produced from different lignocellulosic biomass (i.e., hardwood (HW), softwoods (SW), and cotton linters) and manufactured by two main pathways, sulfite pulp and pre-hydrolysis kraft (PHK) pulping. − Dissolving pulp is classified depending on the α-cellulose content as “high grades” and “low grades.” − Dissolving pulp high grades are acetate, ether, and nitrates, , used to produce acetate filaments, nitrocellulose, and cellophane. Dissolving pulp low grades are viscose used as filament yarns broadly in the textile industry. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process Simulation-Based Life Cycle Assessment of Dissolving Pulps

Echeverria

Venditti

Jameel

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Dissolving pulp (DP) is a specialty pulp product from a variety of lignocellulosic biomass (i.e., hardwoods (HW) and softwoods (SW)) with a broad range of applications. Conducting life cycle assessment (LCA) for DP end applications (e.g., textile products, specialty plastics) is challenging due to the lack of life cycle inventory (LCI) data and environmental information associated with different grades. This research addresses this challenge using process simulations to generate LCI for different DP grades (e.g., acetate and viscose) made from HW and SW, respectively. The LCA results show that biomass feedstock directly affects the environmental impacts of DP. For instance, HW acetate grade has higher global warming potential than SW acetate but lower environmental impacts in other categories related to ecosystems and human health. This HW versus SW comparison has similar results for viscose DP in all impact categories except eutrophication. Additionally, a hotspot analysis identifies that on-site emissions and chemicals are the main contributors to the environmental impacts across all grades in this study. The results and LCI data generated in this work provide critical information to support future LCA and sustainability assessment for end-products derived from DP.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process Simulation-Based Life Cycle Assessment of Dissolving Pulps

Echeverria

Venditti

Jameel

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…In the dissolving pulp production process, hemicellulose removal is a critical step. Dissolving pulp has a high α ‐cellulose content (95%–98%) and relatively low hemicellulose (1%–4%) and lignin (< 0.05%) content . According to FisherSolve, about 57% of the total dissolving pulp is produced using a pre‐hydrolysis kraft process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno‐economic analysis of hemicellulose extraction from different types of lignocellulosic feedstocks and strategies for cost optimization

Geng

Venditti

Pawlak

et al. 2019

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Hemicellulose is a polymer found abundantly in lignocellulosic feedstocks, with many potential market applications. However, there has yet to be a large‐scale commercial process to isolate hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass. A techno‐economic assessment for hemicellulose extraction from sugarcane bagasse, switchgrass, and poplar was made. Two isolation processes after alkaline extraction were considered: (1) producing total hemicellulose and (2) producing hemicellulose A (water‐insoluble fraction) only. In a greenfield scenario, a byproduct of the process is sugar, whereas in a co‐location scenario the biomass after hemicellulose extraction is returned to the pulp mill for its fiber value. Operating costs, capital investment, minimum hemicellulose selling price (MHSP), the effect of input material and product prices along with several other process parameters on the MHSP were determined for each scenario. Co‐location scenarios had a dramatically lower capital cost and MHSP relative to greenfield scenarios. This was due to co‐location scenarios utilizing existing biomass processing and utilities equipment and not requiring a sugar‐production process. Among the three biomasses, hemicellulose extraction from sugarcane bagasse had the lowest MHSP for all scenarios, mainly due to a higher hemicellulose extraction yield. Extraction of hemicellulose A from sugarcane bagasse in a co‐location scenario had a low capital cost of 56 million USD and had a reasonable MHSP of 274 USD/t (metric ton). This research indicates that there is reasonable economic potential for hemicellulose extraction from lignocellulosic biomass for applications to replace starch or as a starting material for the production of xylo‐oligomeric prebiotics. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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