Production of Activated Carbon from Agroindustrial Residues and Application in the Treatment of Desalinator Reject

Abstract

Residues of agroindustrial origin can be used for various purposes, including the production of activated carbon. In order to conduct the experiment, residual biomass of Cocos nucifera-C and grape marc-B were used at the doses corresponding to 100C/0B, 75C/25B, 50C/50B, 25C/75B and 0C/100B. The appropriate operating ranges for the production of activated carbon were identified and an experiment was carried out with a full factorial design, type 32, with three replicates and a control. The activated carbon produced was in contact with the desalinator reject for 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, after which the extracts were physico-chemically analyzed. The data were submitted to statistical analysis, using Statistic software, with a percentage reduction in the characteristics evaluated: pH (13.2), electrical conductivity (1), sodium (4.7), potassium (35.6), calcium (3.2), magnesium (zero) and chloride (18.2), indicating the mixture of coconut fiber and grape marc in 50C/50B ratio as being the most promising in the adsorption of the chemical elements of the reject, when in contact for up to an hour.

Calcium and Magnesium Adsorption by Activated Carbon Produced with Alternative Materials

“…Used for removing dissolved impurities in the products to be treated. The impurities removal mechanism consists of the adsorption and retention process, in which the impurities are attracted by the porosity existing in the activated carbon, being an adsorbent most used in the water treatment process, because it has a high surface area [10,11]. Activated carbon production from lowcost alternative waste has been an attempt to mitigate environmental impacts and the cost of obtaining potable water [12].…”

Use of the Moringa oleifera Seeds Fixed-bed Model and Pernambuco Semi-arid Desalinator Reject

“…Due, therefore, to the costs of the system and transportation of chemical coagulants, it became unworkable to make room for the use of easily accessible alternative substances called natural coagulants [8,9]. Among these coagulants, Moringa oleifera seeds stand out, which can be used in regions that are difficult to access and where water treatment does not reach the general population [10].…”