Production of a diacylglycerol-enriched palm olein using lipase-catalyzed partial hydrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology

Abstract

Partial hydrolysis using Lipozyme RMIM lipase in a solvent-free system was used to produce a diacylglycerol (DAG)-enriched palm olein. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to model and optimize the reaction conditions namely water content (30-70 wt% of enzyme mass), enzyme load (5-15 wt% of oil mass), reaction temperature (45-85 C) and reaction time (6-16 h). Well fitting models were successfully established for both DAG yield (R2 = 0.8788) and unhydrolysed triacylglycerol (TAG) (R2 = 0.8653) through multiple linear regressions with backward elimination. Chi-square test indicated that there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences between the observed and predicted values for both models. All reaction conditions had positive effects on DAG yield and negative effects on unhydrolysed TAG. Optimal reaction conditions were: 50 wt% water content, 10 wt% enzyme load, 65C of reaction temperature and 12 h of reaction time. The process was further up-scaled to a 9 kg production in a continuous packed bed bioreactor. Results indicated that upscaling was possible with a similar DAG yield (32 wt%) as in lab scale. Purification of the DAG oil using short path distillation yielded a DAG-enriched palm olein with 60 wt% DAG and 40 wt% TAG which is suitable for margarine, spread or shortening applications.

Preliminary Study on Acyl Incorporation and Migration in the Production of 1,3-diacylglycerol by Immobilized Lipozyme RM IM-catalyzed Esterification

“…The enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-DAG has been considered more effective due to its milder and simpler reaction conditions, higher selectivity, greener process and safe products. In general, the preparation of 1,3-DAG enzymatically by direct esterification, glycerolysis, interesterification, partial hydrolysis, or the combination of partial hydrolysis and esterification (Blasi et al, 2007;Cheong et al, 2007;Weber et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2011;Palla et al, 2012). Comparing with other methods, when the direct esterification used, the fatty acid and glycerol can fast synthesis 1,3-DAG, especially, when the reactions are carried out in a solvent-free system.…”

Cinética Enzimática Da Hidrólise Do Óleo De Oliva Em Sistemas Batelada E Batelada Alimentada

“…Dietas ricas em óleos e gorduras são fatores de risco para obesidade e doenças do coração (Cheong et al, 2007;Awadallak et al, 2013). No entanto dificilmente se conseguirá uma dieta completamente livre de gorduras, uma vez que estas conferem agradáveis características sensoriais e têm papel fundamental na alimentação por serem importantes veículos de vitaminas lipossolúveis, participarem da síntese de substâncias endógenas e serem fontes de ácidos graxos essenciais, que são sintetizados apenas por vegetais (Babicz, 2009;Blasi et al, 2007;Gioielli, 1995).…”

“…Apesar de similar ao triacilglicerol (TAG), o diacilglicerol (DAG) tem a capacidade de reduzir o nível de lipídios pósprandial, auxiliar na redução de peso e evitar o acúmulo de gordura abdominal (Cheong et al, 2007, Kruguer et al, 2011Valério, et al, 2009;Fregolente et al, 2009). O diacilglicerol pode ser produzido através de processos de esterificação de glicerol, glicerólise de triacilgliceróis ou hidrólise parcial de triacilglicerois (Kristensen et al, 2005;Yanai et al, 2007, Castro et al, 2004, e no entanto é preciso que esta quantidade seja controlada para que não aconteça inibição da atividade enzimática por excesso de água (Matos et al, 2011;Pawongrat et al, 2007).…”

Process Optimization of Enzyme Catalyzed Production of Dietary Diacylglycerol (DAG) Using TLIM as Biocatalyst

“…Diacylglycerol DAG can be produced either enzymatically 8 or chemically 9 of which the enzymatic method is basically followed for production of dietary DAG. Enzymatic production of DAG includes direct esterification 10 , glycerolysis 11 , interesterification 12 , partial hydrolysis 13 or a combination of partial hydrolysis and esterification 14 . The most recent method for the production of high-purity1,3-DAG in the industry involves two reactions: partial hydrolysis of a fat or oil to obtain a partial hydrolysate with a high FFA content, followed by 1,3-specific lipase-catalyzed esterification of the FFA in the hydrolysate with glycerol 15 .…”