Production and antioxidant capacity of tissue cultures from four Amaryllidaceae species

Abstract

The aim of this study was (i) to produce tissue cultures capable of efficient plant regeneration from European naturally occurring protected and/or pharmacologically important Amaryllidaceae species and (ii) to test them for antioxidant activities in order to select tissue cultures that scavenge efficiently oxygen radicals. Bulb explants were collected from Galanthus woronowii, two Leucojum species, and Sternbergia lutea. Leucojum species were Hungarian isolates. Mostly α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA) were used as growth regulator combinations for the induction and maintenance of tissue cultures and further antioxidant activity studies. Galanthus woronowii and L. vernum cultures produced shoots or whole plants via micropropagation (callus stage was observed only sporadically and callus tissue did not contribute to regeneration), whereas L. aestivum and S. lutea produced efficiently whole plants or multiple shoots via embryogenic calli. Total phenolic content, % inhibition of ABTS radical (ABTS*) cation, and peroxidase activities on native polyacrylamide gels were studied and showed differences between cultures. No relationship could be detected between polyphenol content / radical scavenging capacities and H 2 O 2 reducing enzyme activities. For G. woronowii, S. lutea, and a culture line of L. vernum, polyphenol content and ABTS* cation scavenging activities were high and for G. woronowii, comparable to organs of the native plants used as explant sources. Bulbs of native plants showed low radical scavenging activities in general. For L. vernum and L. aestivum tissue cultures grown in the presence of NAA as the sole growth regulator, ABTS* cation scavenging showed low values. Enzymatic antioxidant (pyrogallol peroxidase) activities were low for all cultures and organs of native plants. This study shows the species conservation value of these cultures and highlights the high antioxidant capacity of G. woronowii and S. lutea, attributed to the presence of non-enzymatic scavengers.

<em>Origanum vulgare</em> mediated green synthesis of biocompatible gold nanoparticles simultaneously possessing plasmonic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties

“…Therefore, O. vulgare can be considered as a species very rich in polyphenols. [61][62][63][64] On the other hand, when we compare the TPC value of the gold colloids with the value of pure extracts, for the same amount of DW, it appears that the TPC of colloids is ~3.5 times smaller. This striking difference might be due to the fact that, at least partially, the polyphenols were "consumed" during the synthesis of gold colloids.…”

Relative expression of putative genes involved in galanthamine and other Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis in Narcissus field and in vitro tissues

“…Narcissus bulbs are the main source for alkaloid extraction and some cultivars and species contained more than 0.1% (DW basis) of galanthamine in their bulbs [16]. In vitro tissue and tissue-based systems have been proposed for commercial applications such as production of metabolites and clonal propagation [17,18]. Undifferentiated callus or suspension cultures have been mainly used for the production of alkaloids.…”

In vitro regeneration of bulblet using two and four bulb-scales explants of summer snowflake (Leucojum aestivum L.)

“…Auxins and cytokinins play major roles by either blocking or stimulating outgrowth, respectively (Shahin et al, 2018). It has been reported that different combinations of these PGRs have the potential of callus induction or micropropagation in this plant family (Resetár et al, 2017). Ivanov et al (2011) used 1.15 mg L -1 NAA and 2 mg L -1 BA for callus induction in L. aestivum plant.…”