Brinjal is the second most important vegetable crop after potato in Bangladesh in respect of total areas and third in production. It also plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. An experiment was conducted with two cultivars of brinjal namely Jhumky and Islampuri to observe the callus induction ability of different explants-shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib in MS basal media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The rate of callus induction from shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib were 82.78%, 74.88% and 78.71%, respectively. Highest rate of callus induction was found in shoot tip. Variety Islampuri showed higher rate of callus induction (80.62%). Among the treatments 2mg/l NAA showed the best performance in callus proliferation. Cytokinin (0.5 mg/l BAP) showed highest percentage of shoot regeneration (57.13%). For root induction, MS basal medium was proved to be better treatment for average number (12-15) of roots. The survival rate of transferred regenerated plantlets after hardening was higher in Jhumky (80%). Regenerated plantlets from callus of both the varieties exhibited 4-9 times higher proline, 2-3 times lower vitamin C and 2-3 times higher iron (Fe) content compared to their seed derived seedlings. This experiment showed that it is possible to develop shoot and fruit borer tolerance brinjal genotypes through somatic embryogenesis that was selected based on biochemical markers within the very short period of time. These findings will be helpful for further selection of the selected variants in field condition in the next phase of the study.
Plants are the unique sources of secondary metabolites (terpenes, phenolic and alkaloid) used as pharmaceuticals, food additives and industrial produces. However, very limited information is known about their biosynthesis in plants. Elicitors are chemicals often used to activate the accumulation of such metabolites in plant in vitro cultures. Since the ancient past, Narcissus is well-known for its ornamental purposes and medicinal versatility with diverse pharmaceutically important alkaloids including galanthamine, lycorine, haemanthamine and narciclasine. In this research, callus cultures induced from N. pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton bulb explants were subjected to MS media supplemented with growth regulators, yeast extract, methyl jasmonate, chitosan and trans-cinnamic acid for the determination of galanthamine content using GC-MS. Bulbs showed 538 to 1109 µg g -1 FW (fresh weight) and callus cultures subjected to MS medium without elicitors produced 7.88 µg g -1 FW of galanthamine. Whereas, callus cultures grown on MS with methyl jasmonate, chitosan and 25% sucrose showed approximately 5.6, 3 and 2 fold increased galanthamine production respectively. NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) depicted that the concentration of metabolites related to galanthamine production, tyrosine, tyramine, 3-chlorotyrosine, were higher in bulb tissue than callus.However, these metabolites were present in higher concentrations in elicitor-treated calluses, leading to the higher galanthamine accumulation than the non-treated calluses. Furthermore, the notable metabolites detected in elicitor-treated callus cultures were amino acids, phenols and sugar alcohols. The metabolites in media extracts were mainly related to sucrose and galactose metabolism. The results suggested that the application of elicitors could be a potential approach for enhanced production of valuable metabolites in Narcissus in vitro culture.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.