Nowadays, Orchids are one of the most commercial products in flower markets. One of the propagation methods for Cymbidium is using old pseudobulbs that are thrown out after flowering period. This research carried out using standard Cymbidium back-bulbs based on randomized complete block design with 5 treatments in 3 replications. The trial traits were leaf length, root length, leaf number and root number that were studied for 180 days. The results show that minimum length of root was significant under different growth beds. The minimum percent of rooting was observed in pure sand treatment. The maximum length was observed in pure perlite. The shortest of leaves were gained in perlite + sand treatment and the maximum leaf length was observed in pure perlite treatment. The maximum average of root percent was seen in pure perlite treatment.
Asparagus umbellatus is one of the most popular cut foliage plants that widely used in decorations and bouquets. However, there was a lack of information concerning Asparagus postharvest handling. Therefore, in this study, two growth regulators gibberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) on concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 400 μM were applied in two stages viz., pre and postharvest, separately and in combination. Experimental traits including; chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, solution uptake, microbial population, relative water content (%), malondialdehyde content, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activity along with plant vase life were evaluated. The results showed that the application of GA and SA lead to significantly extension of the vase life compared to the control. Vase life difference between control (9.34 days) and the superior treatment i.e. GA200+SA200 (14.07 days) was more than 50%. Also, the pre-harvest foliar application of GA and SA increased the vase life slightly compared to the application in vase solution. The extended vase life in the per-harvest experiment was obtained using SA100+GA100 and SA200+GA200 treatments.
One of the most deleterious abiotic stresses is the salinity stress, which causes inhibition of growth and development. Therefore, this investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and silicic acid (Si) on biochemical response of Solanum lycopersicum (cv. Isabella) under different salinity levels during vegetative stage. For this purpose, the seedlings were subjected to different salt stress levels (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 mM) and supplemented with optimized concentration of silicon (Si) (0, and 2.5 mM of H4SiO4) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (0, and 100 µM) to assess variations in enzyme activity and biochemical properties of tomato plants during vegetative growth. Salt stress inhibited the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of tomato plants. The antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the levels of osmolytes (proline, glycine betaine), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased in tomato plants due to high salinity. Furthermore, the exogenous use of SNP and Si to alleviate the effect of salinity on the plants increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolyte levels compared to NaCl-treated plants. In addition, in the plants under salt stress, supplemented with SNP and Si, the contents of MDA and H2O2 decreased. Therefore, the exogenous use of Si and SNP led to protecting a tomato plant against oxidative damage induced by salt stress by stimulating synthesis of antioxidant enzyme. The findings indicated that, with the improvement in antioxidative defense system, pigment syntheses, and osmolyte accumulation, SNP and Si had the ability to alleviate adverse impact of high salinity on tomato plants.
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