Produção De Biomassa E Rendimento De Óleo Essencial Em Camomila Cultivada Com Diferentes Doses De Cama-De-Aviário

Abstract

RESUMOO trabalho foi desenvolvido de março a novembro de 2006 no município de Campo Magro/PR, e teve como objetivo avaliar o rendimento de óleo essencial de camomila cv. Mandirituba e alterações no crescimento vegetativo e reprodutivo em função de diferentes doses de adubação com cama-de-aviário (0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 e 12,5 kg m -2 ). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, e cada parcela foi composta por um canteiro de 6 m 2 (2 x 3 m) com área útil de 2 m 2 . Foi medida a altura das plantas de cada parcela e a máxima altura média atingida foi de 60,9 cm com a dose estimada de 10,3 kg m -2 . A produção média de massa fresca e seca dos capítulos florais apresentou uma relação direta com o aumento da quantidade de cama-de-aviário aplicada, e os teores de óleo essencial dos capítulos florais da camomila não foram influenciados pela adubação. O rendimento médio de óleo essencial foi de 6,56 L ha -1 com a dose de 12,5 kg m -2 . A maior produção média de massa fresca de capítulos florais de camomila foi de 2.483,7 kg ha -1 e de massa seca de 471,8 kg ha -1 com a adubação com 12,5 kg ha -1 de cama-de-aviário.Palavras-chave: adubação orgânica, plantas medicinais, Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschter, Matricaria chamomilla L. ABSTRACTThe experiment was carried out Campo Magro, Parana State, Brazil, from March to November, 2006. The objective was to evaluate the essential oil production of chamomille cv. Mandirituba and the variations in the vegetative and reproductive growth after the organic fertilization with different doses of poultry litter (0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 e 12,5 kg m -2 ). The experimental design was the randomised block with six treatments and four replications, and each parcel has a total area of 6 m 2 (2 x 3 m) and an useful area of 2 m 2 . The height of plants was measured in each parcel; the highest plants (60,9 cm) were obtained after the fertilization with an estimated dose of 10,3 kg m -2 . The average average production of fresh and dried matter of capitula presented a direct relation with the increase of the doses used and the production of essential oil in capitula was not influenced by the fertilization. The average yield of essential oil was 6,56 L ha -1 with the dose of 12,5 kg m -2 . The highest production of capitula fresh mass was 2.483,7 kg ha -1 and the dried mass was 471,8 kg ha -1 after the fertilization with 12,5 kg ha -1 of poultry litter.

Phenology and productive performance of chamomile in sowing dates and spacing between plants

“…The yields of dried floral chapters for the March and April sowings are superior to those values obtained by Santos et al (2015) and Roza et al (2016) with the sowing performed in May, both in São José dos Pinhais -PR (451 and 615 kg ha -1 , respectively). The values are also superior to the yield found by Nalepa & Carvalho (2007), with the sowing performed in March in the municipality of Campo Magro -PR (471.8 kg ha -1 ). These results demonstrate that the chamomile sowing in Santa Maria exhibits a commercial production potential and may result in superior yields to those found by some authors in the state of Paraná, which presents the largest chamomile production area in Brazil (Corrêa Júnior & Scheffer, 2014).…”

Chemical characterization of Lavandula dentata L. essential oils grown in Uberaba-MG

“…This may have occurred in the present study, since the collections with higher efficiency were obtained in the periods of lower precipitation. According to NALEPA & CARVALHO, (2007) another efficiency impairment may be the genotype. However, as in the present study the seedlings were acquired from a nursery and from these were made vegetative propagations of the other plants that were used as object of study, the authors do not believe this occurred.…”

“…The luminous intensity influences the concentration, as well as, the chemical composition of the essential oils. In the development of glandular trichomes, plant structures that biosynthesize and also store the essential oil, the presence of light is necessary (MORAIS, 2009). The greater biossynthesis of secondary metabolites under high levels of insolation is explained by the fact that biosynthetic reactions are dependent on the supply of carbon skeletons, performed by photosynthetic processes and compounds that participate in the regulation of these reactions (TAIZ & ZEIGER, 2009).…”

Fertilization and cropping systems: performance and oil content of basil varieties

“…Kamada et al (1999) studying phenotypic plasticity in three accessions of basil, observed essential oil contents between 0.71 and 2.07%, and low values of heritability for this character, due to strong environmental influence. Nalepa;Carvalho (2007) mentioned that the essential oil content is genetically controlled, but it can be influenced by the external environment.…”