1990
DOI: 10.2737/int-gtr-270
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Proceedings-symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: Ecology and management of a high-mountain resource; 1989 March 29-31; Bozeman, MT

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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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References 125 publications
(187 reference statements)
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“…At a Duluth conference (S tine and B aughman 1992), ecosystem and non‐commodity values of eastern white pine emerged as critical interests. Although focused on whitebark pine conservation, a Bozeman conference (S chmidt and M c D onald 1990) was the first to consider the special status of alpine white pines. The theme was repeated for stone pines at a St. Moritz conference (S chmidt and H oltmeir 1994).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At a Duluth conference (S tine and B aughman 1992), ecosystem and non‐commodity values of eastern white pine emerged as critical interests. Although focused on whitebark pine conservation, a Bozeman conference (S chmidt and M c D onald 1990) was the first to consider the special status of alpine white pines. The theme was repeated for stone pines at a St. Moritz conference (S chmidt and H oltmeir 1994).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Its periodic crops of large wingless seeds provide a major food source for several species of birds and mammals including the black bear and grizzly bear (Schmidt and McDonald 1990). Wildlife biologists have noted that for several months after production of a large whitebark pine cone crop, bears concentrate their feeding on cone caches made by squirrels and tend to stay away from lower elevation encounters with humans and their habituations (Kendall 1980).…”
Section: Issues In Idaho's Forests Decline Of Whitebark Pinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Not only were the effects of treatments on the various resources evaluated during this "new" research period, but basic information about nutrient capitals, insect! disease/animallhost forest relationships, associated vegetation, woody residue relationships, and other data were developed in the last two decades (USDA Forest Service 1980; Baumgartner and others 1985;Baumgartner and Lotan 1988;Schmidt 1988;Schmidt and McDonald 1990).…”
Section: Something Newmentioning
confidence: 99%