Problems Related to the Use of Tobacco by Women

Gritz, Ellen R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7737-9_14

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It is tempting to explore possible gender effects further in a larger sample. As Gritz (1980a) has noted, male/female differences have received little attention.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine gum vs. placebo gum: Comparisons of withdrawal symptoms and success rates.

Schneider¹,

Jarvik²

1985

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…It is tempting to explore possible gender effects further in a larger sample. As Gritz (1980a) has noted, male/female differences have received little attention.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine gum vs. placebo gum: Comparisons of withdrawal symptoms and success rates.

Schneider¹,

Jarvik²

1985

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Rates of initiation have dropped much faster among men than among women (USDHHS, 1989). Women seem to quit with greater difficulty, possibly because they are treated with methods less appropriate to them (USDHHS, 1980;Stoto, 1986;Marlatt et al, 1988;Blake et al, 1989) and relapse more frequently than do men (Gritz, 1980). Although women, as major users of the health care system, have probably been adequately represented in treatment trials (e.g., Hooper, 1990), much of the basic behavioral and biological research on which these treatment strategies are based has been conducted in men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of menstrual phase and nicotine abstinence on nicotine intake and on biochemical and subjective measures in women smokers: a A preliminary report

Pomerleau

García

Pomerleau

et al. 1992

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Nicotine intake, menstrual and smoking withdrawal symptomatology, and baseline cortisol and MHPG were assessed in nine women smokers under conditions of ad lib smoking and overnight abstinence in three menstrual phases (early follicular, mid-to-late follicular, and late luteal). A trend towards higher nicotine intake (p < 0.10) was observed in the mid-to-late follicular phase. Although menstrual symptomatology was not significantly elevated during the smoking abstinence condition overall, abstinence appeared to prevent the normal reduction in symptomatology during the mid-to-late follicular phase that occurred under conditions of ad lib smoking. Menstrual and withdrawal symptoms were highly correlated, and both were most pronounced during the late luteal/abstinence condition. The smoking-specific item "craving" reflected this pattern, though in attenuated form, suggesting that the observed exacerbation of withdrawal symptomatology was not simply due to generalized dysphoria, as queried in both instruments. MHPG was significantly elevated in the late luteal phase, whereas cortisol was significantly higher during ad lib smoking than during abstinence and tended to be highest in the mid-to-late follicular phase. Further investigation will be needed to determine the functional significance of these findings for understanding and treating smoking in women.

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“…Given the large numbers of women smokers who use oral contraceptives, and the negative health implications of combining the two practices (Gritz, 1980), it is important to determine the effects of exogenous steroids on smoking behavior and the effects of nicotine.…”

Section: Oral Contraceptive Use and Estrogen Replacement Therapy May mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women quit with greater difficulty (or perhaps are treated less successsfuUy, using methods less appropriate to them; e.g. Blake et al, 1989;USDHHS, 1980) and are more likely to relapse than their male counterparts (Gritz, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobehavioral research on nicotine use in women

Pomerleau

García

1991

British Journal of Addiction

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More American women are taking up smoking than men and fewer are quitting; if current trends continue, rates for women will surpass those for men by the mid-1990's. But ironically, much of what is known about the biobehavioural aspects of smoking is based on research using male subjects. The present paper reviews evidence suggesting that: (1) women may differ from men with regard to nicotine intake and/or effects; (2) nicotine intake and effects may be influenced by menstrual cycle phase; (3) oral contraceptive use and estrogen replacement therapy may affect intake and effects of nicotine; (4) the effects of chronic nicotine use on female reproductive endocrinology may have implications for the reinforcement of smoking; and (5) pharmacological agents used to treat smoking may have different effects in women than in men. Guidelines and suggestions are presented by future biobehavioural research in women, including standardization of assessment procedures, attention to the use of appropriate controls, and use of pharmacological probes.

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Problems Related to the Use of Tobacco by Women

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

Nicotine gum vs. placebo gum: Comparisons of withdrawal symptoms and success rates.

Nicotine gum vs. placebo gum: Comparisons of withdrawal symptoms and success rates.

The effects of menstrual phase and nicotine abstinence on nicotine intake and on biochemical and subjective measures in women smokers: a A preliminary report

Biobehavioral research on nicotine use in women

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