Probiotics maintain the intestinal microbiome homeostasis of the sailors during a long sea voyage

Zhang, Jiachao; Zhao, Jinshan; Jin, Hao; Lv, Ruirui; Shi, Huiwen; De, Guozhong; Yang, Bo; Sun, Zhihong; Zhang, Heping

doi:10.1080/19490976.2020.1722054

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore, we analysed data from published studies that utilized stool samples as a proxy of gut-related microbiomes. In the first study, 30-d supplementation with a probiotic containing five Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains 35 resulted in no significant resistome differences between probiotics and placebo (Extended Data Fig. 7a) or ARG diversity (Extended Data Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics impact the antibiotic resistance gene reservoir along the human GI tract in a person-specific and antibiotic-dependent manner

et al. 2021

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Antimicrobial resistance poses a substantial threat to human health. The gut microbiome is considered a reservoir for potential spread of resistance genes from commensals to pathogens, termed the gut resistome. The impact of probiotics, commonly consumed by many in health or in conjunction with the administration of antibiotics, on the gut resistome is elusive. Reanalysis of gut metagenomes from healthy antibiotics-naïve humans supplemented with an 11-probiotic-strain preparation, allowing direct assessment of the gut resistome in situ along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, demonstrated that probiotics reduce the number of antibiotic resistance genes exclusively in the gut of colonization-permissive individuals. In mice and in a separate cohort of humans, a course of antibiotics resulted in expansion of the lower GI tract resistome, which was mitigated by autologous faecal microbiome transplantation or during spontaneous recovery. In contrast, probiotics further exacerbated resistome expansion in the GI mucosa by supporting the bloom of strains carrying vancomycin resistance genes but not resistance genes encoded by the probiotic strains. Importantly, the aforementioned effects were not reflected in stool samples, highlighting the importance of direct sampling to analyse the effect of probiotics and antibiotics on the gut resistome. Analysing antibiotic resistance gene content in additional published clinical trials with probiotics further highlighted the importance of person-specific metagenomics-based profiling of the gut resistome using direct sampling. Collectively, these findings suggest opposing person-specific and antibiotic-dependent effects of probiotics on the resistome, whose contribution to the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes along the human GI tract merit further studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics impact the antibiotic resistance gene reservoir along the human GI tract in a person-specific and antibiotic-dependent manner

et al. 2021

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“…Paired-end reads were generated using 100 bp in the forward and reverse directions. The reads were trimmed using Sickle and subsequently aligned to the zebrafish genome to remove the host DNA fragments ( Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Regulates the Neurotransmitter Secretion Disorder Induced by Caffeine Through the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Zeng

Peng

Huo

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Melatonin has been widely used as a “probiotic agent” capable of producing strong neurotransmitter secretion regulatory effects, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis-related studies have also highlighted the role of the gut microbiota in neuromodulation. In the present study, a zebrafish neural hyperactivity model was established using caffeine induction to explore the regulatory effects of melatonin and probiotic on neurotransmitter secretion disorder in zebrafish. Disorders of brain neurotransmitter secretion (dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and 5-hydroxytryptamine) caused by caffeine were improved after interference treatment with melatonin or probiotic. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing demonstrated that the melatonin-treated zebrafish gradually restored their normal intestinal microbiota and metabolic pathways. Germ-free (GF) zebrafish were used to verify the essential role of intestinal microbes in the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion. The results of the neurotransmitter and short-chain fatty acid determination revealed that the effect on the zebrafish in the GF group could not achieve that on the zebrafish in the melatonin group after adding the same dose of melatonin. The present research revealed the potential mode of action of melatonin through the microbiota-gut-brain axis to regulate the disruption of neurotransmitter secretion, supporting the future development of psychotropic drugs targeting the intestinal microbiota.

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“… 2 , 3 A variety of studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics on the phenotypical modulation of the host gut microbiome. 4 , 6 The commonly administered probiotics belong to the bacterial strains within genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium . Probiotics usually exhibit shared advantageous properties, 7 , 8 such as increased resistance against intestinal colonization by pathogenic microbes, restoration of the gut microbiome dysbiosis, 9 and promotion of the growth of beneficial, indigenous microbes 10 inhuman hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome stability is altered by probiotic ingestion and improved by the continuous supplementation of galactooligosaccharide

Wasti

Huang

et al. 2020

Gut Microbes

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The stable gut microbiome plays a key role in sustaining host health, while the instability of gut microbiome also has been found to be a risk factor of various metabolic diseases. At the ecological and evolutionary scales, the inevitable competition between the ingested probiotic and indigenous gut microbiome can lead to an increase in the instability. It remains largely unclear if and how exogenous prebiotic can improve the overall gut microbiome stability in probiotic consumption. In this study, we used Lactobacillus plantarum HNU082 (Lp082) as a model probiotic to examine the impact of the continuous or pulsed supplementation of galactooligosaccharide (GOS) on the gut microbiome stability in mice using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Only continuous GOS supplement promoted the growth of probiotic and decreased its single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mutation under competitive conditions. Besides, persistent GOS supplementation increased the overall stability, reshaped the probiotic competitive interactions with Bacteroides species in the indigenous microbiome, which was also evident by over-abundance of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) accordingly. Also, we identified a total of 793 SNPs arisen in probiotic administration in the indigenous microbiome. Over 90% of them derived from Bacteroides species, which involved genes encoding transposase, CAZymes, and membrane proteins. However, neither GOS supplementation here de-escalated the overall adaptive mutations within the indigenous microbes during probiotic intake. Collectively, our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of continuous prebiotic supplementation on the ecological and genetic stability of gut microbiomes.

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Probiotics maintain the intestinal microbiome homeostasis of the sailors during a long sea voyage

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Probiotics impact the antibiotic resistance gene reservoir along the human GI tract in a person-specific and antibiotic-dependent manner

Probiotics impact the antibiotic resistance gene reservoir along the human GI tract in a person-specific and antibiotic-dependent manner

Melatonin Regulates the Neurotransmitter Secretion Disorder Induced by Caffeine Through the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

The gut microbiome stability is altered by probiotic ingestion and improved by the continuous supplementation of galactooligosaccharide

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