Probiotics and intestinal health effects: a clinical perspective

Abstract

Probiotics are viable non-pathogenic micro-organisms which, when ingested, exert a positive influence on host health or physiology. We have critically analysed the evidence for the efficacy of specific probiotic strains in human gastrointestinal diseases. The best evidence can be obtained with randomised controlled trials which avoid bias. Good evidence has been obtained with several strains in the prevention or treatment of antibiotic-associated disorders, in the treatment (and to a lesser extent prevention) of gastroenteritis and acute diarrhoea and in the alleviation of lactose intolerance. We also analysed the recent randomised controlled trials performed in patients with Clostridium difficile or Helicobacter pylori, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, non-ulcer dyspepsia and colon cancer.

Time-related action of Lactobacillus plantarum in the bacterial microbiota of shrimp digestive tract and its action as immunostimulant

“…counts in shrimp digestive tract, when shifting from probiotic diet to the commercial one, can be related to the linear reduction in THC and PO activity after V. harveyi challenge. This result can also be a consequence of the exponential reduction in the lactic bacteria count in the digestive tract, as they are known to produce extra cellular compounds, which stimulate nonspecific immune responses (Marteau, 2002). Some studies suggest the same for marine shrimp.…”

Effect of probiotic supplemented diet on marine shrimp survival after challenge with Vibrio harveyi

“…Higher survival of shrimp fed probioticsupplemented diet might be related to an immune reactive effect of probiotics on the host. Lactic acid bacteria are known to produce extracellular compounds that can stimulate the non-specific immune response in vertebrates (Marteau et al, 2002;Gill, 2003). Vibrio spp.…”

Efficacy of Probiotic and Nitrifier Bacterial Consortium for the Enhancement of Litopenaeus Vannamei Aquaculture

“…A total of 150 Litopenaeus vannamei seeds (post larval stage 15, that had been acclimated to a salinity level of 17 ppt and confirmed negative for the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) by the polymerase chain reaction), were obtained from a commercial shrimp hatchery located in Marakanam, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. After acclimation to a minimum period seven days, the average weight of the shrimps were divided into three batches 100 litre glass tanks (70 liter of seawater), each containing 50 post larvae.…”

“…The physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia of water were estimated by following the methods suggested in Golterman and Clymo; Wetzel and Likens; APHA [14][15][16].…”

“…The Nitrosomonas sp AMETNM01 and Nitrobacter sp AMETNB03 were isolated from shrimp culture pond sediments using Winogradsky Phase I and Phase II medium. A total of 150 shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) PL (15) were obtained from a commercial shrimp hatchery located in Marakanam, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India. After acclimation of the shrimps for seven days, the average weight of the shrimps were divided into three batches in 100 litre glass tanks (70 liter of seawater), each containing 50 post larvae.…”