Probiotic supplementation causes hematological changes and improves non-specific immunity in Brycon amazonicus

Abstract

A commercial probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis (109 CFU g-1) was evaluated in caged matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, by measuring hematological parameters and macrophage activity after 42 and 84 days after feeding. The product was added to commercial feed using 2% soybean oil as a protectant. A randomized three-treatment experiment was performed using four replicates per treatment. The groups included: (a) control without probiotic, (b) 5 g kg-1 probiotic, and (c) 10 g kg-1 probiotic. For hematological analysis, eight fish per treatment were used to determine total cell count (RBC); thrombocytes, differential, and total leukocyte count (TLC); hematocrit (Htc); hemoglobin tax; mean corpuscular volume (MCV); and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Furthermore, plasma cortisol and glucose levels were measured in blood samples. Macrophage phagocytic activity was evaluated by injecting Saccharomyces cerevisiae (11,000 cells in a 3 mL volume) into the coelomic cavity incubating for 8 hours. Addition of probiotics to the diet of caged matrinxã altered the Htc, RBC, MCV, MCHC, TLC, lymphocyte, and eosinophil values. We observed increased cortisol and glucose levels and phagocytic activity, but no increase in the phagocytic index. We thus conclude that supplementing caged Brycon amazonicus with probiotics improves their non-specific immunity and alters blood profiles.

Evaluation of isolated probiotics on the efficacy of immune system in male and female Wistar rats

“…RBC and MCHC showed substantial change among female groups, while these values showed insignificant change among male groups ( Table 4 ). de Carla Dias et al (2020) reported that when Wistar albino rats were given oral supplements of L. plantarum, the concentration of Hb, PCV, and RBC increased. This result was attributed by Korcok et al (2018) to the activation of the hematopoietic organs and some lactic acid bacteria, like Lactobacilli, which indirectly increase the availability of dietary iron through a series of processes, which include reducing intestinal pH.…”

“…Similarly, RBC and MCHC levels varied significantly between the female and male groups ( Table 4 ). de Carla Dias et al (2020) reported that probiotics could improve health problems by boosting hemoglobin concentration, red cell count, and packed cell volume.…”

Influencia de un probiótico comercial en el crecimiento y composición corporal del sábalo Brycon amazonicus (Characiformes: Bryconidae)

“…En efecto, una de las limitantes para expandir el cultivo masivo de esta especie, es la falta de un alimento diseñado exclusivamente de acuerdo a sus requerimientos nutricionales y que a su vez cuente con algún tipo de suplemento que garantice la sobrevivencia y un rápido crecimiento en peso y talla de este pez (Gómez et al, 2013), tornándose de necesidad el realizar investigaciones que conduzcan a solucionar este cuello de botella actual y coadyuve a mejorar los métodos de crianza del sábalo (IIAP, 2016). En ese sentido, el empleo de probióticos como suplemento alimenticio en la dieta de peces criados en piscicultura se ha convertido en una alternativa saludable y de bajo costo (Dias et al, 2020).…”