Prioritizing Local Authorities Effective to Lower the Nationwide PM2.5 Concentrations and the Personal Exposure Based on the Source Apportionment with the CAPSS 2016 Emissions Inventory

Bae, Changhan; Kim, Eunhye; Yoo, Chul Gyu; Kim, Hyung-Chun; Kim, Young Min; Kim, Soontae

doi:10.5572/kosae.2021.37.3.410

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…To examine the exposures level of EC contributions in South Korea by source category considering population of each sub-region, we used the PWEC. The advantages of PWEC in highlighting the significance of specific emission sources in actual population exposure over an area have been demonstrated in previous studies (Aunan et al 2018;Son et al 2020;Bae et al 2021). As defined in Eq.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Source-specific Population Exposurementioning

confidence: 84%

Source apportionment of ambient concentration and population exposure to elemental carbon in South Korea using a three-dimensional air quality model

Son

Kim²,

Kim

et al. 2022

Air Qual Atmos Health

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We quantified the foreign and domestic contributions to annual mean elemental carbon (EC) concentration over South Korea in 2016 using the Primary Carbon Appointment tool in the community multiscale air quality model. The individual domestic contributions were further examined by emission source category (area, mobile, and point) in each sub-region (i.e., Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), Gangwon, Chungcheong, Youngnam, and Honam). EC contribution and population-weighted exposure contribution (PWEC) for each emission source were calculated. Two indicators were compared and adjusted considering uncertainties of emissions from sub-regions. Based on the results of this analysis, the primary EC emission sources that need to be managed to alleviate the concentrations and PWECs were classified, and the cost-effectiveness was compared with contribution rates for EC and PWEC. The modeled annual mean EC concentration in South Korea was 0.6 µg/m3, of which 54% was contributed by foreign sources (0.3 µg/m3). However, the quarterly foreign contribution differed by up to five times depending on the monsoon, while the domestic contribution did not. Simultaneously, spatial variations of the annual mean EC contributions are smaller than those of the foreign contributions. Regardless of the uncertainty of emissions, domestic PWEC was 20% higher than the domestic concentration as domestic EC emissions were concentrated in densely populated areas. It implies that EC emission control has more significant meaning not only to improve concentration but also to improve population exposure. In addition, the contribution rate showed greater variation between sub-regions than the EC emission source categories within a region. Considering this, if the cost used to reduce a unit EC emission is the same, the cost effect can be expected when EC emissions are reduced in the sub-regions with a large contribution rate regardless of EC emission source category.

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Section: Evaluation Of Source-specific Population Exposurementioning

confidence: 84%

Source apportionment of ambient concentration and population exposure to elemental carbon in South Korea using a three-dimensional air quality model

Son

Kim²,

Kim

et al. 2022

Air Qual Atmos Health

Self Cite

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Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (CAPSS 2018) Data and Assessment of Emissions Based on Air Quality Modeling in the Republic of Korea

Choi¹,

Cho²,

Hong³

et al. 2022

Asian J. Atmos. Environ

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According to the 2018 National Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (NEI), air pollutant emissions in the Republic of Korea comprised 808,801 tons of CO, 1,153,265 tons of NOX, 300,979 tons of SOX, 617,481 tons of TSP, 232,993 tons of PM10, 98,388 tons of PM2.5, 15,562 tons of black carbon (BC), 1,035,636 tons of VOCs, and 315,975 tons of NH3. As for national emission contributions to primary PM2.5 and PM precursors (NOX, SOX, VOCs, and NH3), major source categories were the road sector for NOX, the industry sector for SOX and PM2.5, and the everyday activities and others sector for VOCs and NH3. In the case of emissions by region, the largest amount of NOX was emitted from the Seoul Metropolitan Areas (SMA; Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do, hereafter SMA) and the largest amounts of SOX, PM2.5, VOCs, and NH3 were from the Yeongnam region. A 3D chemical transport modeling system was used to examine the uncertainty of the national air pollutant emissions based on the National Emission and Air Quality Assessment System (NEAS). Air quality was simulated using CAPSS 2018, and the simulation data were compared with observed concentrations to examine the uncertainties of the current emissions. These data show that emissions from five si (cities) (Pohang, Yeosu, Gwangyang, Dangjin, and Ulsan) need to be improved. Most of all, it is necessary to examine the emissions from places of business that use anthracite, which is the major PM2.5 emission source, as fuel in these areas.

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Characteristics Analysis of PM2.5 in Industrial Complex Near Area According to Domestic and Foreign Influences in Case of High Concentration PM2.5 Episode Occurrence

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2023

KOSAE

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Prioritizing Local Authorities Effective to Lower the Nationwide PM2.5 Concentrations and the Personal Exposure Based on the Source Apportionment with the CAPSS 2016 Emissions Inventory

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Source apportionment of ambient concentration and population exposure to elemental carbon in South Korea using a three-dimensional air quality model

Source apportionment of ambient concentration and population exposure to elemental carbon in South Korea using a three-dimensional air quality model

Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (CAPSS 2018) Data and Assessment of Emissions Based on Air Quality Modeling in the Republic of Korea

Characteristics Analysis of PM2.5 in Industrial Complex Near Area According to Domestic and Foreign Influences in Case of High Concentration PM2.5 Episode Occurrence

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