Printable Liquid Metal Microparticle Ink for Ultrastretchable Electronics

Li, Yanyan; Feng, Shuxuan; Cao, Shitai; Zhang, Jiaxue; Kong, Desheng

doi:10.1021/acsami.0c15084

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Compared to the conventional silicon processing, printable electronics offer enormous potential in their ability to enter new markets as the cost of production is decreased and new solution-processable electronic materials are developed [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Inkjet printing process, as a printing electronic technology, is a growing technology, which is able to deposit a desired amount of materials directly from a computer-designed image onto a designed pattern of a substrate by generating drops from a reservoir with minimal human involvement [ 9 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Wang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Silver nanowire (AgNWs) inks for inkjet printing were prepared and the effects of the solvent system, wetting agent, AgNWs suspension on the viscosity, surface tension, contact angle between ink droplet and poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) surface, and pH value of AgNWs ink were discussed. Further, AgNWs flexible transparent conductive films were fabricated by using inkjet printing process on the PET substrate, and the effects of the number printing layer, heat treatment temperature, drop frequency, and number of nozzle on the microstructures and photoelectric properties of AgNWs films were investigated in detail. The experimental results demonstrated that the 14-layer AgNWs printed film heated at 60 °C and 70 °C had an average sheet resistance of 13 Ω∙sq−1 and 23 Ω∙sq−1 and average transparency of 81.9% and 83.1%, respectively, and displayed good photoelectric performance when the inkjet printing parameters were set to the voltage of 20 V, number of nozzles of 16, drop frequency of 7000 Hz, droplet spacing of 15 μm, PET substrate temperatures of 40 °C and nozzles of 35 °C during printing, and heat treatment at 60 °C for 20 min. The accumulation and overflow of AgNWs at the edges of the linear pattern were observed, which resulted in a decrease in printing accuracy. We successfully printed the heart-shaped pattern and then demonstrated that it could work well. This showed that the well-defined pattern with good photoelectric properties can be obtained by using an inkjet printing process with silver nanowires ink as inkjet material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Wang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…And the most suitable electrical conductivity strongly depends on the situation. Li and co-workers [43] convert liquid metal microparticles into a highly deformable conductor by a chemical sintering process. And they selective wetting them onto copper nanoplates present in the ink formulation.…”

Section: Electrical Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[40,41] And stretchable heaters have more application scenarios due to their stretchable characteristics. [42,43] In the last few years, deformable heaters have gained rapid development due to their wide strain range, good repeatability and low density. [44] Figure 1b shows different structure designs of deformable heaters.…”

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confidence: 99%

Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

Zhou

2021

Adv Elect Materials

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The technological evolution presents us with infinite possibilities of deformable electronics, far beyond what is possible with conventional electronics. [9][10][11][12] For the past few years, heaters' development has grown rapidly due to wearable electronics' advances and the growing need for practical medical requirements. [13][14][15] The advantages of heaters, such as lightweight, good heating stability, and flexibility, make heaters generally a better choice than conventional heating elements. Various heaters applications have been reported, including deicing devices [16][17][18][19][20] , thermal management devices [21][22][23][24][25] , healthcare [26][27][28][29] , wearable sensors [30][31][32] , etc. For instance, heaters can provide the warmth required to extend the operating temperature of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in cold environments or can increase the temperature for antifogging systems, anti-icing, deicing of optics, or optical displays [33,34] .Conventional rigid heaters are usually using semiconductor or metallic materials as the heating elements, which have demonstrated stable and excellent performance. For example, Rao and co-workers [35] fabricated a transparent heater by physically depositing Au on a quartz substrate and using an acrylic resin as a crack sacrificial template. It is a transparent conductor with a low sheet resistance of 5.4 Ω sq −1 and a high-temperature heater that can reach ≈600 °C within 38 s by applying a voltage of 15 V. However, the heater is restricted in many applications with portable needs, such as human motion detection, wearable electronics, etc., due to the rigid and thick quartz substrate.As shown in Figure 1a, conventional heaters always consist of a heating element and rigid substrate, and the working principle of electrical heaters is based on the Joule effect and thermal diffusion. However, inherently rigid substrate limits the applications of conventional heaters [36] . Flexible and stretchable heaters had gained tremendous attention with the advances of soft electronics. [37][38][39] Flexible heaters can adapt to moderate deformation, such as bending and twisting. [40,41] And stretchable heaters have more application scenarios due to their stretchable characteristics. [42,43] In the last few years, deformable heaters have gained rapid development due to their wide strain range, good repeatability and low density. [44] Figure 1b shows different structure designs of deformable heaters. One of the most significant advantages Conventional heaters have evolved from traditional rigid heaters to flexible heaters, stretchable heaters, and deformable heaters for the development of soft electronics. Film-based or filament-based heaters can be designed and engineered to fulfill the deformable, adaptable and stretchable applications. Compared with conventional heaters, deformable heaters can maintain stable electrothermal property even with large deformation. Based on this, deformable heaters have shown great potential to be used in the field of Internet of Thin...

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“…The liquid metal composites with heterogeneous metals have demonstrated enhanced electrical, mechanical behavior and magnetic property, however, the oxide layer of the liquid metal also prevents direct contact between the liquid metal with the surroundings and interferes with the creation of the liquid metal composites preserving fluidic properties [ 16 ]. Thus, it is necessary to modify the oxide outer layer to obtain fluidic liquid metal-based composites [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultrastretchable Electrical Switch Fiber with a Magnetic Liquid Metal Core for Remote Magnetic Actuation

et al. 2021

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In this work we describe a soft and ultrastretchable fiber with a magnetic liquid metal (MLM) core for electrical switches used in remote magnetic actuation. MLM was prepared by removing the oxide layer on the liquid metal and subsequent mixing with magnetic iron particles. We used SEBS (poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene]) and silicone to prepare stretchable elastic fibers. Once hollow elastic fibers form, MLM was injected into the core of the fiber at ambient pressure. The fibers are soft (Young’s modulus of 1.6~4.4 MPa) and ultrastretchable (elongation at break of 600~5000%) while maintaining electrical conductivity and magnetic property due to the fluidic nature of the core. Magnetic strength of the fibers was characterized by measuring the maximum effective distance between the magnet and the fiber as a function of iron particle concentration in the MLM core and the polymeric shell. The MLM core facilitates the use of the fiber in electrical switches for remote magnetic actuation. This ultrastretchable and elastic fiber with MLM core can be used in soft robotics, and wearable and conformal electronics.

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Printable Liquid Metal Microparticle Ink for Ultrastretchable Electronics

Cited by 59 publications

References 47 publications

Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

An Ultrastretchable Electrical Switch Fiber with a Magnetic Liquid Metal Core for Remote Magnetic Actuation

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