Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Abstract

Silver nanowire (AgNWs) inks for inkjet printing were prepared and the effects of the solvent system, wetting agent, AgNWs suspension on the viscosity, surface tension, contact angle between ink droplet and poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) surface, and pH value of AgNWs ink were discussed. Further, AgNWs flexible transparent conductive films were fabricated by using inkjet printing process on the PET substrate, and the effects of the number printing layer, heat treatment temperature, drop frequency, and number of nozzle on the microstructures and photoelectric properties of AgNWs films were investigated in detail. The experimental results demonstrated that the 14-layer AgNWs printed film heated at 60 °C and 70 °C had an average sheet resistance of 13 Ω∙sq−1 and 23 Ω∙sq−1 and average transparency of 81.9% and 83.1%, respectively, and displayed good photoelectric performance when the inkjet printing parameters were set to the voltage of 20 V, number of nozzles of 16, drop frequency of 7000 Hz, droplet spacing of 15 μm, PET substrate temperatures of 40 °C and nozzles of 35 °C during printing, and heat treatment at 60 °C for 20 min. The accumulation and overflow of AgNWs at the edges of the linear pattern were observed, which resulted in a decrease in printing accuracy. We successfully printed the heart-shaped pattern and then demonstrated that it could work well. This showed that the well-defined pattern with good photoelectric properties can be obtained by using an inkjet printing process with silver nanowires ink as inkjet material.

Transcript Profiling of MIKCc MADS-Box Genes Reveals Conserved and Novel Roles in Barley Inflorescence Development

“…MIKCc genes play an important role in grass inflorescence architecture and spikelet differentiation (Digel et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2015;Li et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). In our study, SVP-like genes, HvMADS22, HvMADS47 and HvMADS55, and one A-class gene HvMADS14 (VRN1), and E-class gene HvMADS34, show a high transcription level at the early inflorescence development stage before spikelet differentiation, suggesting a role for these genes in inflorescence meristem maintenance and spikelet meristem identity.…”

“…The Triticeae crop barley has a simple branchless spike-type inflorescence. During early development, the inflorescence meristem differentiates several spikelet ridges, and each ridge develops a determinate triple spikelet meristem, which in turn gives three spikelet meristems (SM; Wang et al, 2021). Each SM produces one floral meristem, always resulting in three single-flowered spikelets per rachis node (Koppolu and Schnurbusch, 2019).…”

Inkjet-Printed Silver Nanowire Ink for Flexible Transparent Conductive Film Applications

“…In recent years, printed electronics (PE) have been considered as an alternative to conventional silicon-based technology due to high manufacturing speed, large-area, low cost, environmental friendliness, and particularly applicable to flexible functional devices [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. PE refers to the electronic product manufacturing technology that functional conductive inks are directly deposited onto substrate to form electronic component or circuit by printed process.…”

“…PE refers to the electronic product manufacturing technology that functional conductive inks are directly deposited onto substrate to form electronic component or circuit by printed process. Common industrial PE process includes screen printing [ 6 ], gravure printing [ 7 ], roll to roll printing [ 8 ], inkjet printing [ 10 ], and so on [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], and have been applied in some fields such as organic electronics [ 5 , 6 ], flexible electronics [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 11 ], wearable electronics [ 12 ], etc. Among those, inkjet printings particularly attractive in making controllable structure patterned circuits since it offers digital control on the printing process, is easy to integrate into a high throughput, and can be printed for better functional outcome [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

“…AgNWs networks displayed a good balance between conductivity and transmittance due to the uniform distribution of AgNWs [ 36 ]. In our group, we have formulated a series of AgNWs inks and investigated the effects of the compositions of ink on the viscosity and surface tension of ink and contact angle between the ink droplet and the PET surface without surface treatment and spreading of the ink on the PET substrate after injection [ 4 , 10 ]. Further, we fabricated flexible transparent AgNWs conductive film on PET substrates and investigated the effects of the number printing layer, heat treatment temperature, drop frequency, and number of nozzle on the microstructures and photoelectric properties of AgNWs networks [ 4 , 10 ].…”