Primary Pulmonary Epidemic Histoplasmosis in an Abandoned Mine

Velasco-Castrejón, Oscar; González-Ochoa, A

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1977.tb01484.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Gold diggers seem to be particularly concerned by DH: we report 11 cases occurring at different times and sites, suggesting professional exposure. Indeed , Hcc have previously been found in mines and gold diggers are particularly exposed to airborne spores during soil mobilisation. In a Brazilian study concerning 417 gold diggers, the histoplasmin skin test was positive in 17.5% .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis in western French Guiana, 2002–2012

Putot

Perrin

Jolivet

et al. 2015

Mycoses

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Disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) is the most current revelation mode of AIDS in French Guiana. We describe the clinical and paraclinical presentation of DH, diagnostic tools, evolution and factors associated with 1-year mortality in HIV-infected patients from western French Guiana. Microbiologically proven AIDS-related DH in Saint Laurent du Maroni's hospital between May 2002 and May 2012 were retrospectively included. Among the 82 patients included, 58 (71%) were male, 44 (53%) presented concurrent histoplasmosis and HIV diagnosis and 63 (80%) had a CD4 cell count under 50 cells μL(-1). Almost all patients had weight loss (97%) and fever (95%), while 84% had digestive symptoms (63% diarrhoea), 55% lymphadenopathy, and 49% respiratory symptoms. Documented and presumed locations of H. capsulatum var capsulatum (Hcc) concerned almost all organs, with a particular affinity for the bone marrow and the digestive system. Co-infections were associated in 65%. Following treatment initiation, 10 patients (13%) died within 1 month and 17 patients (25%) died within a year. DH is a polymorphous systemic mycosis with haematological and digestive tropism. Co-infections are frequent and mortality rate is high.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis in western French Guiana, 2002–2012

Putot

Perrin

Jolivet

et al. 2015

Mycoses

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“…The mycosis is an endemic disease of tropical, subtropical, and temperate areas throughout the world. Histoplasmosis has been described as present in all of the 32 states of the Mexican Republic, with highly variable prevalence [3,9-19]. Veracruz is one of the federal entities with the greatest number of cases reported [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Histoplasma capsulatum isolated from an outbreak in treasure hunters

et al. 2010

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BackgroundIn Mexico, primary pulmonary histoplasmosis is the most relevant clinical form of the disease. The geographical distribution of specific strains of Histoplasma capsulatum circulating in Mexico has not been fully established. Outbreaks must be reported in order to have current, updated information on this disease, identifying new endemic areas, manner of exposure to the fungi, and molecular characterization of the causative agents. We report a recent outbreak of histoplasmosis in treasure hunters and the molecular characterization of two isolates obtained from these patients.MethodsSix patients admitted to the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER) in Mexico City presented severe respiratory symptoms suggestive of histoplasmosis. They acquired the infection in the Veracruz (VZ) endemic zone. Diagnosis was made by X-ray and Computed tomography (CT), liver function, immunological techniques, and culture. Identification of H. capsulatum isolates was confirmed by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted with a probe from the M antigen, and the isolates were characterized by means of Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR employed the 1253 oligonucleotide and a mixture of oligonucleotides 1281 and 1283. These were compared to eight reference strain isolates from neighboring areas.ResultsX-ray and CT revealed disseminated micronodular images throughout lung parenchyma, as well as bilateral retrocaval, prevascular, subcarinal, and hilar adenopathies, hepatosplenomegaly, and altered liver function tests. Five of the six patients developed disseminated histoplasmosis. Two H. capsulatum strains were isolated. The same band profile was detected in both strains, indicating that both isolates corresponded to the sole H. capsulatum strain. Molecular characterization of the isolates was similar in 100% with the EH-53 Hidalgo human (HG) strain (reference strain integrated into the LAm A clade described for Latin America).ConclusionsThe two isolates appeared to possess the same polymorphic pattern; they are indistinguishable from each other and from EH-53. It is important to remain updated on recent outbreaks of histoplasmosis, the manner of exposure to the fungi, as well as the molecular characterization of the isolates. The severity of cases indicates that this strain is highly virulent and that it is probably prevalent in Hidalgo and Veracruz states.

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et al. 1997

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Immunologic and occupational aspects of the susceptible population exposed to Histoplasma capsulatum, the causative agent of histoplasmosis were analyzed in the Mexican State of Guerrero. Three areas were studied, Juxtlahuaca, Olinala, and Coyuca; in the first two, their populations refer contact with bat guano and/or avian excreta, which contain nutrients for fungal growth, while the Coyuca population referred no contact with the above mentioned excreta. Previous infection with H. capsulatum was determined by histoplasmin-skin test, and the response was higher in men than in women (93.87, 85.71, and 6.6% for men, and 78.94, 66.6, and 0% for women) in Juxtlahuaca, Olinala, and Coyuca, respectively. Labor activities related to a persistent contact with the fungus were considered as an occupational risk factor, histoplasmin-skin test reached 88.57 and 36.36% of positive response in individuals with high and low risk activities. A high percentage of histoplasmin responses was observed in subjects with constant contact with H. capsulatum, such as, cave-tourist guides, peasants, and game-cock handlers, and generally they developed the largest diameter of skin reactions. Genetic risk factor was determined by studying the gene frequency of the Major Histocompatibility Complex antigens in a sample of individuals and their degree relatives in Juxtlahuaca, Olinala, and Coyuca. Significant differences were found for HLA-B22 and B17 antigens in Juxtlahuaca, and for HLA-B22 in Olinala, in comparison to the usual gene frequency observed in the normal Mexican population. HLA results were important, considering that HLA-B22 was previously found to be possibly related to pulmonary histoplasmosis in Guerrero.

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Primary Pulmonary Epidemic Histoplasmosis in an Abandoned Mine

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis in western French Guiana, 2002–2012

HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis in western French Guiana, 2002–2012

Molecular characterization of Histoplasma capsulatum isolated from an outbreak in treasure hunters

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