Primary production of grasslands, herbage accumulation and use, and impacts of climate change.

Parsons, A. J.; Rowarth, J. S.; Thornley, J. H. M.; Newton, P. C. D.; Lemaire, G.; Hodgson, J.; Chabbi, Abad

doi:10.1079/9781845938093.0003

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In the grasslands utilized extensively (two cuts per year) fertilized with the lowest doses of organic manures, there was found the significantly lower mean DM yield (6.14 t/ha) in contrast to grasslands with medium intensive and intensive utilization (6.82 and 6.68 t/ha, for three and four cuts per year, respectively). This finding is not in agreement with Gruber et al (2011) or Parsons et al (2011, who documented that the treatment of four cuts is unfavourable in terms of production, which was explained in relation to phenological development of the swards.…”

Section: Dry Matter Yieldcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Botanical Composition of Grassland, Herbage Yield and Quality

Štýbnarová¹,

Mičová²,

Fiala³

et al. 2014

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of organicfertilizers (cow manure + dung water; cattle slurry) applied in different annual doses of nitrogen (54, 84 and 120 kg/ha) by different intensities of grassland utilization (extensive – two cuts per year, medium intensive – three cuts per year, intensive – four cuts per year) on percentage of plant functional groups, dry matter yield, and forage quality. The study was performed on small-plot trial over 7 years on moderately moist grassland in the Czech Republic. The proportion of legumes was significantly higher in the treatments fertilized with cow manure + dung-water combined with medium intensive utilization and intensive utilization (10.2% and 10.3%, respectively). Fertilization significantly increased dry matter yields by 51.9% (cow manure + dung water) and 56% (cattle slurry) compared with unfertilized controls (4.81 t/ha). Grasslands fertilized with cattle slurry showed significantly higher concentration of crude protein (142.9 g/kg) compared with unfertilized (126.4 g/kg). Extensive grassland utilization significantly affected the increase of crude fibre concentration (up to 282.1 g/kg), and decrease of the energy value (up to 4.68 MJ g/kg of NEL). Organic matter digestibility was also negatively influenced by extensive grassland utilization (61.0%, 65.42% and 67.44% for the extensive, medium intensive and intensive utilization, respectively). Our findings suggested that medium intensive and intensive grassland utilization by the organic fertilization, which corresponded to annual doses of nitrogen of 84 and 120 kg/ha were the most suitable from the viewpoint of animal nutrition.

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Section: Dry Matter Yieldcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Botanical Composition of Grassland, Herbage Yield and Quality

Štýbnarová¹,

Mičová²,

Fiala³

et al. 2014

Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

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“…Pastagens estabelecidas em solos de baixa fertilidade, na ausência de calagem e adubação, produzem forragem de baixo valor nutritivo, refletindo a incapacidade do solo em suprir satisfatoriamente a demanda metabólica da planta por nutrientes (Sarmiento et al, 2006;Pinto et al, 2008). A composição química das gramíneas forrageiras está estreitamente relacionada ao seu estádio de crescimento, como resultado das alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas que afetam o balanço entre a produção e a senescência de tecidos (Parsons et al, 2011). Com a maturidade da planta há redução na qualidade da forragem em decorrência dos altos teores de constituintes da parede celular (celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, pectina e sílica), reduzidos teores de proteína e minerais, além de elevada concentração de fibras indigestíveis (Parsons et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A composição química das gramíneas forrageiras está estreitamente relacionada ao seu estádio de crescimento, como resultado das alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas que afetam o balanço entre a produção e a senescência de tecidos (Parsons et al, 2011). Com a maturidade da planta há redução na qualidade da forragem em decorrência dos altos teores de constituintes da parede celular (celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, pectina e sílica), reduzidos teores de proteína e minerais, além de elevada concentração de fibras indigestíveis (Parsons et al, 2011). Logo, deve-se procurar o ponto de equilíbrio entre produtividade e qualidade, visando assegurar os requerimentos nutricionais dos animais e garantindo, simultaneamente, a maximização da eficiência dos processos de produção, utilização e conversão da forragem produzida.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Composição e extração de nutrientes por Trachypogon plumosus sob adubação e idades de rebrota

et al. 2013

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“…The application of genomics and bioinformatics allows advanced breeding strategies and can increase resilience of major crops to climate variability and increase the productivity of minor crops [20]. In any case what is of major concern for the future is how different forage systems compare with other systems for human food production (agriculture) and what is the pattern for change in land use to satisfy the growing demand of food [21].…”

Section: Future Scenarios and Breeding Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives and Challenges of Italian Catalogue of Herbage Varieties

Giolo¹,

Macolino²,

Moreno³

et al. 2016

JFSE

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Abstract:In Mediterranean countries forage crops and temporary grasslands are the most important supply even if severe moisture stress is common. In Italy, forage systems are various and differently located from North to South of the mainland due to strong influence by rainfall distribution. Grasses and grazing cover 3.4 million ha of Italian utilized agricultural area (UAA) while alternated grassland and grass meadows cover 1.9 million ha. Most of grasslands are located in hilly and mountainous areas and are important for reducing erosion. Italy has a great longitudinal extension which accounts for a great variety of climate systems and soils: the northern regions have a humid subtropical climate and differ greatly from the south part that fits the Mediterranean climate profile. During the last 100/150 years the Italian climate has become warmer and drier showing an increase of erratic precipitation intensity. The future of breeding of forage grasses and legumes should be focused on higher nutrient use efficiencies and increased sustainability. New applications of genomics and bioinformatics will allow advanced breeding strategies. Over the past 15 years breeders have displayed a constant interest in forage species while a greater interest has risen in turfgrass varieties. Seed production of Italian herbages does not cover the requirements of the market. More specific value for cultivation and use (VCU) tests might be an effective means to improve the screening of candidate varieties. The goal is the selection of varieties able to withstand the stress of climate change, have better water and nitrogen use efficiency and resilience of vegetation cover.

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Primary production of grasslands, herbage accumulation and use, and impacts of climate change.

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Botanical Composition of Grassland, Herbage Yield and Quality

Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Botanical Composition of Grassland, Herbage Yield and Quality

Composição e extração de nutrientes por Trachypogon plumosus sob adubação e idades de rebrota

Perspectives and Challenges of Italian Catalogue of Herbage Varieties

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