Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Among Elementary Children in Sorong District, West Papua

Abstract

Soil transmitted helminthiasis are common in the world and cause illness, especially in developing countries. It can cause infection in humans by contact with parasitic eggs or larvae that live in moist and warm soil. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is often caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale, and Necator americanus. In Indonesia, Soil transmitted helminthiasis prevalence is still high in some places. The tropical climate and high humidity support for the development of worms like in Sorong District, but there was no data. The purpose of this study is to identify the presece of Soil transmitted helminthiasis in primary school children in Sorong District. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two elementary schools located in Sorong District, West Papua, Indonesia. The two elementary schools are SDN 22 in Klain village and SD Inpres 24 in sub-district Mayamuk. Once collected, the pot that has contained stool is given formalin 10%. Stool examinattion using direct smear method to determine the presence of soil transmitted helminthiasis. Researchers get the subject as many as 147 children. The proportion of elementary school children by sex consists of 72 boys (49%) and 75 girls (51%). The prevalence of Soil transmitted helminthiasis as a whole was 30.6% (45/147) with 40.1% (18/45) single infections and 59.9% (27/45) mixed infections. The single infection that most frequent is Trichuris trichiura, then followed by Ascaris lumbricoides. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis mostly found in girl than boy and mostly found in 6-9 years age group. The worm species that infect elementary school children in the district is Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, and Strongyloides stercoralis. This is probably related with the climate and low sanitation level. To eliminate soil transmitted helminthiasis among elementary school children, in addition to routine treatment also needs intensive counseling about the importance of maintaining personal hygiene and the environment.

Prevalence, Intensity and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminths Infections Among Elementary School Students in Ngis Village, Karangasem District, Bali

“…4 As many as 60% to 80% of Indonesia's population is infected by STH, 1 the prevalence is even higher in certain regions. 1,3,5 Primary school age is a high-risk group to be infected with STH. 5 This is due to poor immunity and lack of awareness to live clean and healthily.…”

“…1,3,5 Primary school age is a high-risk group to be infected with STH. 5 This is due to poor immunity and lack of awareness to live clean and healthily. 6 Especially in Bali, the prevalence of STH infections in rural areas is still high.…”

“…Therefore, to increase the effectiveness of helminthiasis, valid data is needed regarding the incidence of helminthiasis, and education on the prevention of intestinal worm infections and administration of helminthic drugs to infected students is necessary. [5][6][7][8] Based on the exposition above, this study is to find out the prevalence and risk factors which contribute to the incidence of STH infection in elementary school children in Ngis Village, Karangasem District, Bali.…”

Ornament on the Pendhok of the Surakarta Kris

“…His description referred to the kris culture of the Surakarta Palace court. The ladrang and gayaman sheath, and the tunggak semi hilt (Yuwono 2012) are characteristic of the Surakarta kris. The Surakarta kris is believed to have be conceptualized by PB III in 1749 -1788, to differentiate it from the tangguh tengahan kris of the Kasunanan Kartasura (1680 -1745).…”

The Difference of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) on Vegetables in Traditional and Modern Markets

“…However, high environmental humidity has a significant effect on the development of worm eggs. Study results from Yuwono, Pasulu, Husada, & Basuki (2019) found that children in Papua infected with STH mostly lived in areas with high humidity.…”