Prevalence of Neospora caninum using Milk and Serum ELISA and its Hematological Effect in Dairy Buffaloes

Nasir, Amar

doi:10.29261/pakvetj/2018.039

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…A milk ELISA has recently been tested as an alternate approach to detect N. caninum antibodies in lactating buffalo (Nasir et al, 2018). Compared to competitive ELISA using serum samples, the milk ELISA detected significantly fewer positive milk samples; nonetheless, a moderate degree of agreement between the two methods was seen, suggesting that this milk ELISA could be applied in lactating dairy herds with a higher prevalence of N. caninum (Nasir et al, 2018).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neosporosis in Farm Animals

Zaghawa¹,

Elgendy²,

Nayel³

et al. 2023

Journal of Current Veterinary Research

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Neospora caninum was thought to be the parasitic agent causing bovine abortion and newborn mortality in Norway's dogs as well as other countries. Cyst-producing protozoan parasite; Neospora caninum, that have two reproductive stages during its life cycle include asexual stage occurs in a broad intermediate host range includes (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat) and a sexual stage which occurs in different Canids species is the cause of the disease. It is transferred from the definitive host to the intermediate hosts directly by direct contact with dogs or indirectly through contamination of their feed by dogfeces. Other animals may share in the complete life cycle like birds and rodents. In farm animal, it can spread vertically via transplacental transfer from the dam to the fetus or horizontally by consumption of oocysts that the hosts disseminated with their feces. It causes storm of abortions, stillbirths, infertility, and loss of milk production, which lead to great economic losses. In addition, the Neospora caninum antibodies in dogs were detected all over the world. Additionaly Neospora caninumis a possible cause of canine neuromuscular paralysis. N. caninum in seropositive animals could be detected by numerous techniques including, indirect fluorescent antibody technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), the direct agglutination technique and immunoblotting. Many restrictions are undergone to control neosporosis wide distribution among animals and consequently its economic loses. It has been concluded that the main methods useful for control of Neospora caninum include good farm biosecurity, therapy and vaccination. The current review focused on a broad overview of Neospora caninum in farm animals.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neosporosis in Farm Animals

Zaghawa¹,

Elgendy²,

Nayel³

et al. 2023

Journal of Current Veterinary Research

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“…Western blot confirmed infection in 85.7% (12/14) of the positive samples by MAT and 84.6% (11/13) by IFAT, demonstrating high sensitivity for both techniques ( 86 ). Recently, a milk ELISA was evaluated as an alternative method to detect N. caninum antibodies in lactating buffalo ( 91 ). The milk iscom ELISA detected a comparatively reduced number of positive milk samples than competitive ELISA using serum samples; however, a moderate agreement between the techniques was observed, indicating that this milk ELISA could be used in lactating dairy herds with a high prevalence of neosporosis ( 91 ).…”

Section: Neosporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Toxoplasmosis and Neosporosis in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

et al. 2020

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Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are diseases with worldwide distribution that are associated with reproductive problems in livestock and responsible for economic losses. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge relative to these diseases in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). In general, buffalo are considered resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis because there are studies only reporting serological evidence of natural infection in these animals. Studies have described age, poor hygienic status of the farm, and presence of cats as risk factors for the development of Toxoplasma gondii infection in buffalo. It must be highlighted that buffalo meat, which does not receive adequate freezing treatment, could be a potential source for toxoplasmic human infection as well as the importance of raw buffalo milk in the transmission of toxoplasmosis to human beings. Neospora caninum is considered one of the major causes of abortion and responsible for huge economic losses in cattle. Vertical transmission is the main route to infect calves, and is responsible for maintaining the parasite within a herd. In buffalo, vertical transmission is also described; moreover, although there are indications that N. caninum may be associated with abortion in dairy buffalo, the reproductive importance of neosporosis is apparently lower in buffalo relative to cattle. Most studies have identified a higher time of exposition to N. caninum oocysts relative to age. The household system was also described as a risk factor for infection, possibly due to persistent contact between the home-raised buffalo and canids. The fetal immune competence of buffalo is similar to bovine, and buffalo fetus are highly susceptible to infection during the first trimester of pregnancy, indicating that N. caninum may be an abortigenic agent in buffaloes. Alternatively, it is interesting to note there is evidence that the inflammatory response in pregnant buffalo infected with N. caninum is mild enough to avoid abortion in most cases. It is proposed that the possible transmission of toxoplasmosis through unprocessed milk and buffalo meat may occur, which is important in terms of public health. Additionally, there is strong evidence to suggest that N. caninum may be associated with abortion in buffalo.

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