No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

This study was conducted to find out the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of brucellosis in northwestern coast of Egypt such important border area. In this study, 630 serum samples (272 camel, 237 sheep and 121 goat) were collected from different localities of the northwestern coast, Egypt. Serum samples were tested serologically by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and competitive ELISA (cELISA). The result revealed an overall brucellosis seroprevalence of (4.04% and 3.68%) for camels, (13.50% and 23.21%) for sheep and (25.62% and 29.75%) for goats by RBPT and cELISA respectively in the northwestern coast of Egypt. Regarding to the sex of the animals nearly similar prevalence was observed (16.2%, 16%) in males and females respectively. While young animals were more likely to test positive than adult animals where prevalence rate in young animals was 18.5% and 15.9% in adult animals. The brucellosis seroprevalences of aborted and non-aborted animals were (18%, 15.5%). While our data revealed that 33% of animals with fertility problems (repeat breeders) were seropositive, prevalence of brucellosis in animals with no fertility problems was 15.5%. Finally, brucellosis is found in the northwestern coast of Egypt with relatively high percentage. More researches are needed to study the true epidemiological aspect in this important area. An effective eradication program is also needed in this area.

Although equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) infection occurs throughout the world; causing various health problems within horse population such as respiratory disease, abortion and myeloencephalopathy, there is information shortage concerning the epidemiological situation of EHVs in Egypt. This paper is the first study of EHV-1 prevalence rate in Monufia province (as a model for other pro­vinces). During 2015, two hundred and seventy serum samples from EHV non-vaccinated horses were randomly collected from 9 centres of Monufia province. The indirect ELISA was used to detect the prevalence rate of the disease while assessment of the associated risk factors was conducted using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The results showed that EHV-1 infection was widespread among horses at Monufia province (apparent prevalence rate 64% and true prevalence rate 28%) and posed risk for the health of other equines in the region. Results of risk factors identification showed that horses > 5 years of age were at significant risk of getting EHV-1 infection than < 1-year-old horses (OR: 5; P<0.02), while males were twice more prone than females of getting the EHV-1 infection (OR: 2 and P<0.03). There was a significant effect of different localities on the prevalence of EHV-1 infection. The obtained results could be extrapolated to the different districts and governorates of Egypt because of the similarity of the husbandry system of equines all over Egypt.

This paper studies and estimates soil resistivity parameters of two-layer vertical soil as a one of the practical soil models. Wenner method is used to measure the apparent soil resistivity. To achieve this study, the image method is proposed to consider the presence of vertical layer soil and four electrodes of the Wenner method. A general apparent resistivity expression is proposed to find the relation between the apparent resistivity and the four electrodes of Winner method locations and soil parameters. The proposed equation with the aid of Gauss-Newton method is used to estimate the soil parameters.Index Terms−Grounding, vertical two-layer soil, soil apparent resistivity, Gauss-Newton method.