Prevalence of mood disorders in the rural population of Udmurtia

Pakriev, Sergei; Vasar, Veiko; Aluoja, Anu; Saarma, Märt; Shlik, Jakov

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09983.x

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…That may explain our high percentage of depression, although our findings were closer to Western rather than to Eastern European data. Anxiety and depression were more common in women than in men, as has been found in many other studies Angst et al, 2002;Canals et al, 1997;Fulkerson et al, 2004;Kessler, 2003;Ohayon et al, 2000;Pakriev et al, 1998;Silverstein, 1999;Simonds and Whiffen, 2003;Wittchen et al, 2001], including studies of medical students [Rosal et al, 1997;Wallin and Runeson, 2003]. In some studies, stress levels were not found to differ on the basis of sex [Clark and Zeldow, 1988;Supe, 1998], but our results did not support this.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems

et al. 2006

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High emotional stress in medical students has been observed in many studies. Our aim in this article was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression among Estonian medical students and to find relationships between sleep complaints and emotional symptoms. The study group consisted of 413 medical students, ages 19-33 years, at the University of Tartu. Each was asked to complete two questionnaires: the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q), containing 28 questions, and the Questionnaire on Sleep and Daytime Habits, with 25 questions. The anxiety and depression subscales from the EST-Q were applied. From the study group, 21.9% students had symptoms of anxiety, and 30.6% had symptoms of depression. The frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms was higher in females. In regression and multiple regression analysis, we determined which sleep problems were related to emotional symptoms. The associations were different for men and women. In women, anxiety remained significantly related to waking up because of nightmares and feeling tired in the morning; depressive symptoms were related to difficulties in getting to sleep at night, waking up because of nightmares and nocturnal eating habits, daytime sleepiness, and sleepiness during school lessons. In men, significant relations were clear only for depression: difficulties in falling asleep at night before an exam and subjective sleep quality. The study demonstrated that a high percentage of medical students had emotional symptoms. We found that some sleep problems indicated underlying symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems

et al. 2006

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“…The 1-year incidence for MDD ranged from 1.6 per 100 in the US ECA study (68) to 7.5 per 100 in Udmurtia (17). This represents a 4.7-fold variation.…”

Section: Incidence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2004

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The prevalence of mood disorders reported in high-quality studies is generally lower than rates commonly reported in the general psychiatric literature. When controlled for common methodological confounds, variation in prevalence rates persists across studies and deserves continued study. Methodological variation among studies that have examined the prevalence of depression in primary health care services is so large that comparative analyses cannot be achieved.

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“…Across individual studies, 1-year prevalence rates ranged from 2.3% in France (62) (50). This is a difference of 86-fold.…”

Section: Social Phobiamentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2006

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Objective: To present the results of a systematic review of literature published between 1980 and 2004 reporting findings of the prevalence and incidence of anxiety disorders in the general population.Method: A literature search of epidemiologic studies of anxiety disorders was conducted, using MEDLINE and HealthSTAR databases, canvassing English-language publications. Eligible publications were restricted to studies that examined age ranges covering the adult population. A set of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to identify relevant studies. Prevalence and incidence data were extracted and analyzed for heterogeneity.Results: A total of 41 prevalence and 5 incidence studies met eligibility criteria. We found heterogeneity across 1-year and lifetime prevalence rates of all anxiety disorder categories. Pooled 1-year and lifetime prevalence rates for total anxiety disorders were 10.6% and 16.6%. Pooled rates for individual disorders varied widely. Women had generally higher prevalence rates across all anxiety disorder categories, compared with men, but the magnitude of this difference varied. Conclusion:The international prevalence of anxiety disorders varies greatly between published epidemiologic reports. The variability associated with all anxiety disorders is considerably smaller than the variability associated with individual disorders.Women report higher rates of anxiety disorders than men. Several factors were found to be associated with heterogeneity among rates, including diagnostic criteria, diagnostic instrument, sample size, country studied, and response rate. Clinical Implications · Significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of anxiety disorders signals the need for population-specific health policies and planning. · The prevalence of anxiety disorders eclipses the capacity of specialized mental health services. · Anxiety disorders remain prevalent throughout ages 18 to 64 years. Limitations· The observed heterogeneity may be related to environmental or cultural factors associated with the location of each contributing investigation. · Variance owing to methods of diagnosis and measurement account for a limited portion of the observed heterogeneity. · An insufficient number of incidence studies are available to clarify details concerning the onset of symptoms.

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Prevalence of mood disorders in the rural population of Udmurtia

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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