Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Waraich, Paul; Goldner, Elliot M.; Somers, Julian M.; Hsu, Lorena

doi:10.1177/070674370404900208

Cited by 483 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…7,[22][23][24] Most of the patients studied showed no significant changes in mood, according to the classification from the scores of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Although the diagnosis of breast cancer impacts on several areas of the patient's life, triggering mood swings, it was noticed that some women expressed subsyndromal depressive symptoms, but the vast majority did not have major depression (clinically significant depressive symptoms).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,12,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The hypothesis tested in this study is the prevalence of major depression in patients with breast cancer is similar to the community samples of around 5%. 7,[22][23][24] . A patient's psychosocial factors, particularly their social and premorbid characteristics and inherent personality, are most often associated with depression in breast cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Major Depression in Patients With Breast Cancer

Carvalho

Bezerra

Freitas

et al. 2015

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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ABSTRACT:Introduction: breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among women in Brazil and worldwide. The diagnosis of breast neoplasms usually represents an emotional burden, and it may lead to adjustment reactions and even be the trigger for affective disorders (mainly depression), anxiety or psychosis. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most used mechanisms for the evaluation of depression in research and in clinics. Depression prevalence in patients with cancer varies from 3% to 55% among different studies. Methodological variation, different instruments to assess depression and different cut-off points for diagnosis contribute to the huge discrepancy in current findings. In general, the more specifically depression is defined and evaluated, the lower the rates of prevalence are reported. Many articles fail to demonstrate a statistical significance in the relationship between depression and cancer-specific factors. This suggests that risk factors for depression in those patients are more related to the patient as contextual variables and premorbid factors of personality -and not to the cancer or its treatment. Objective: to determine the prevalence of major depression in women with breast cancer. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in women with breast cancer. The sample consisted of 51 patients who answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The presence of depression was considered in cases where the scores were above 20. A questionnaire with additional data about the patients such as age, marital status, ethnicity, education, family income, family history of depression and breast cancer, and cancer-related variables including staging, months since diagnosis, treatment modality, type of surgery, alopecia occurring were used. Descriptive analysis and test of association (chi-square) were conducted. Results: the prevalence of major depression was 5.9%, similar to that observed in community samples. Subsyndromal depressive symptoms had a score of 21.6% (BDI scores from 16 to 20). Chi-square test was conducted and showed no statistically significant relationship between the classification of BDI and the variables tested (characteristics related to patient and cancer-specific). This indicates that the isolated context of the variables does not influence the event of depression. Conclusion: the prevalence of major depression in women with breast neoplasms was 5.9%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Major Depression in Patients With Breast Cancer

Carvalho

Bezerra

Freitas

et al. 2015

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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“…We evaluated the epidemiology of MDD by identifying subjects with MDEs who did not meet this definition. The capacity of the WMH-CIDI to diagnose manic episodes is somewhat uncertain, as prevalence estimates from the CCHS 1.2 (10) have been higher than expected according to published structured reviews (11). Despite these uncertainties, conducting analyses with both disorder-based and episode-based definitions was considered useful because this approach could offer a more refined sense of the impact of this distinction on the prevalence estimates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Major Depression in Canada

et al. 2006

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Method: All estimates used appropriate sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimation procedures. The analysis consisted of estimating proportions supplemented by logistic regression modelling. Results:The lifetime prevalence of major depressive episode was 12.2%. Past-year episodes were reported by 4.8% of the sample; 1.8% reported an episode in the past 30 days. As expected, major depression was more common in women than in men, but the difference became smaller with advancing age. The peak annual prevalence occurred in the group aged 15 to 25 years. The prevalence of major depression was not related to level of education but was related to having a chronic medical condition, to unemployment, and to income. Married people had the lowest prevalence, but the effect of marital status changed with age. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the annual prevalence may increase with age in men who never married. Conclusions:The prevalence of major depression in the CCHS 1.2 was slightly lower than that reported in the US and comparable to pan-European estimates. The pattern of association with demographic and clinical variables, however, is broadly similar. An increasing prevalence with age in single (never-married) men was an unexpected finding. Clinical Implications· The CCHS 1.2 replicated several previously reported associations between major depression and demographic and clinical variables. · The lifetime, annual, and point (30-day) prevalences of major depression distribute differently in different age groups. · The association of marital status and sex with major depression differs across different age groups. Limitations· The CCHS 1.2 was a cross-sectional survey. The associations observed do not necessarily reflect causal effects. · While the version of the CIDI used in the CCHS 1.2 is the latest one, few validation data for this interview have been published. · The CIDI is a fully structured interview, making its administration possible by nonclinicians, but it is a crude instrument in the sense that it cannot incorporate clinical judgment.

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“…The US National Comorbidity Survey found that although blacks have a lower lifetime risk of mood disorder than whites, once diagnosed they were more likely to be persistently ill [50]. Ethnicity is a neglected dimension of the heterogeneity of the black population [51]. Although there are important commonalities in the black experience, there is also ethnic variation within the black population.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of major depressive disorder

Kiyohara

Yoshimasu

2009

Environ Health Prev Med

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Major depressive disorder causes significant morbidity, affecting people's ability to work, function in relationships, and engage in social activities. Moreover, major depressive disorder increases the risk of suicidal ideation, attempted suicide and death by completed suicide. There is evidence that chronic stress can cause major depressive disorder. As for genetic factors, only minor susceptibility genes have been reliably identified. The serotonin system provides a logical source of susceptibility genes for depression, because this system is the target of selective serotonin reuptake-inhibitor drugs that are effective in treating depression. The 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) transporter (5-HTT) has received particular attention because it is involved in the reuptake of serotonin at brain synapses. One common polymorphic variant of the 5-HTT-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), which affects the promoter of the 5-HTT gene, causes reduced uptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin into the presynaptic cells in the brain. The authors discussed the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and major depressive disorder, with special emphasis on the 5-HTTTLPR polymorphism. As the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder, the 5-HTT gene may be a candidate for a major depressive disorder susceptibility gene. As major depressive disorder is a multifactorial disease, an improved understanding of the interplay of environmental and genetic polymorphisms at multiple loci may help identify individuals who are at increased risk for major depressive disorder. Hopefully, in the future we will be able to screen for major depressive disorder susceptibility by using specific biomarkers.

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Prevalence and Incidence Studies of Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Cited by 483 publications

References 80 publications

Prevalence of Major Depression in Patients With Breast Cancer

Prevalence of Major Depression in Patients With Breast Cancer

Descriptive Epidemiology of Major Depression in Canada

Molecular epidemiology of major depressive disorder

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