Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy follow-up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Daka, Dawit Wolde; Ergiba, Meskerem Seboka

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0229883

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The double burden of undernutrition and overweight/obesity amongst PLHIV on ART has been reported in previous studies conducted in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. Consistent with the rates in other studies conducted among PLHIV, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was significantly higher than underweight [34][35][36][37]. Current research shows that the prevalence of adult obesity now exceeds underweight in most countries of the world [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…We found that the prevalence of underweight (13%) was contrasted with the higher rates reported in studies in Ghana, Ethiopia, Senegal, and West Africa among PLHIV, where the rates ranged from 23-36%, [11,12,34,42], but were comparable with rates reported in Zimbabwe [37]. The prevalence of undernutrition in males was double (18%) than that of females (9%), although there was no significant association.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

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The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

2020

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The study determined the nutritional status of adult antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients, and investigated the association between the duration on ART and the nutritional status. This study was based in primary health facilities in Gauteng, South Africa. The data collected included sociodemographic variables; the duration of the treatment; and the body mass index (BMI), classified as undernutrition (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), or overweight/obesity (≥25 kg/m2). ART recipients (n = 480) had a mean age of 35 (± 8.4SD) years. All had taken ART for six months or more (range 6–48 months). The data were analyzed using STATA 13.0. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 39%, it was higher in females (46%) than in males (30%), 26% were overweight, and 13% were obese. Underweight was 13%, and was higher in males (18%) than females (9%). Being overweight was more likely in those aged ≥35 years and those in smaller households. Being obese was less likely in males, in the employed, and in those with a higher income, but was more likely in those with a longer duration on ART. Abdominal obesity was high, but less likely in males. Interventions to prevent overweight/obesity should be integrated into routine HIV care, while at the same time addressing the burden of undernutrition among ART recipients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

2020

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“…counts (13,27,28). On the other hand, the results of research conducted in the southern part of Ethiopia at Dilla University Hospital indicate that CD4 has no major impact on nutrition (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Ethiopia, studies have been conducted to investigate malnutrition among adult HIV positive individuals (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). However, no study has been conducted on large scale, incorporating a number of health facilities covering large demographic areas and socio-cultural diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition status, and its Associated Factors among Adult HIV Positive Attending ART at Public Hospitals of Bench Sheko Zone, South West, Ethiopia, 2020

Shifera¹,

Molla²,

Mesafint³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Almost 1.9 billion adults worldwide are overweight or obese, while 462 million are underweight. These are primarily found in countries with low and middle-incomes, like Ethiopia. Under nutrition is the frequent health problem among peoples living with HIV/AIDS, however no large-scale research, including a number of health facilities has been conducted in Ethiopia. So this study aimed to assess the nutritional status and under nutrition related factors among HIV/AIDS patients attending ART follow-up in public hospitals of Bench Sheko zones, south west, Ethiopia.Methods: In November/2020, a cross-sectional facility study design was carried out in all public hospitals in the Bench Sheko zone. To pick the study participants, a systematic sampling technique was used. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews and entered into Epi-data 3.1, then exported to SPSS version 24 for statistical analysis. In order to identify the candidate and independent determinants of under-nutrition, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out respectively. Independent determinants of under-nutrition were measured using adjusted odds ratio with their corresponding 95% confidence level at P-value of < 0.05 cut of point.Results: A total of four hundred two adult HIV-positive patients who were attending in ART clinics were participated with 98% response rate. The proportion of under nutrition (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), normal nutrition (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) patients were 29.2% [95% CI: (24.6-33.5)], 61.2% [95% CI: (56.5-66.3)], and 9.6% [95% CI: (6.6-12.9)] respectively. Out of under nutrition patients, severe malnutrition (BMI<16 kg/m2) accounted of 5.6%. Factors food insecurity [AOR: 3.26, 95% CI: (1.79-5.92)], poor ART adherence [AOR: 4.22, 95% CI: (1.47-12.14)], CD4 cell count ≤ 200 [AOR: 5.73, 95% CI: (2.45-13.13)], and substance user [AOR: 4.11, 95% CI: (2.31-7.30)] was independent factors of under nutrition.Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of malnutrition was high compared to other settings. The government should also pay due attention to improving the treatment of HIV/AIDS by offering nutritional support services in hospitals. Moreover policymaker and heath care professionals consider the effects of these factors for nutrition while providing ART service.

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“…The disruption of intestinal barrier integrity seriously affects the absorption of nutrients, thus hindering the recovery of immune function. Recently, several cross-sectional studies (Mudd and Brenchley, 2016;Gebremichael et al, 2018;Daka and Ergiba, 2020) have shown that the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with HIV/AIDS treated with ART is over 23%, and severe malnutrition amounted to 9%. Further analysis revealed that CD4 + T cell counts below 350 or 200 cells/μl were significantly associated with malnutrition.…”

Section: Effects Of Gut Microbiota Changes On Immune Reconstitution Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Immune Reconstitution in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of CD4 + T cells in the gut plays an insidious role in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis. Host immune function is closely related to gut microbiota. Changes in the gut microbiota cause a different immune response. Previous studies revealed that HIV-1 infection caused changes in gut microbiota, which induced immune deficiency. HIV-1 infection results in an abnormal composition and function of the gut microbiota, which may disrupt the intestinal epithelial barrier and microbial translocation, leading to long-term immune activation, including inflammation and metabolic disorders. At the same time, an abnormal gut microbiota also hinders the effect of antiviral therapy and affects the immune reconstruction of patients. However, studies on the impact of the gut microbiota on immune reconstitution in patients with HIV/AIDS are still limited. In this review, we focus on changes in the gut microbiota caused by HIV infection, as well as the impact and regulation of the gut microbiota on immune function and immune reconstitution, while we also discuss the potential impact of probiotics/prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on immune reconstitution.

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Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy follow-up care in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

Malnutrition status, and its Associated Factors among Adult HIV Positive Attending ART at Public Hospitals of Bench Sheko Zone, South West, Ethiopia, 2020

Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Immune Reconstitution in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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