Prevalence of <i>Shigella</i> Serogroups and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Southern Trinidad

Abstract

The serogroup distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella isolates obtained from stool specimens of persons with acute diarrhoea in community-based studies from southern Trinidad during 1997-2006 were reviewed. Of the 5,187 stool specimens, 392 (8%) were positive for Shigella organisms. From these 392 isolates, 88.8% were recovered from children aged >0-10 year(s). Shigella sonnei was the most frequently-isolated serogroup (75%), followed by S. flexneri (19%), S. boydii (4.1%), and S. dysenteriae (1.8%). S. flexneri was the major isolate among the >20-30 years age-group. The most common drug resistance among all age-groups was to ampicillin. All strains of S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. dysenteriae were fully susceptible to aztreonam, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. S. sonnei, the most common species isolated, showed resistance to all antibiotics tested. The data showed that, throughout the study period, the resistance to commonly-used drugs was relatively low. Since resistance to several drugs seems to be emerging, continuous monitoring of resistance patterns is mandatory for the appropriate selection of empiric antimicrobial drugs in the therapy of suspected cases of shigellosis.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Shigella and Salmonella Species among Patients with Diarrhea Attending Gondar Town Health Institutions, Northwest Ethiopia

“…was almost in line with studies from Indonesia (9.3%) (22) and Trinidad (8%) (23). This was lower than studies done in Tehran (14.5%) (24), Kenya:(16%) (25), (43.9%) (26).…”

Isolation of Shigella species and their resistance patterns to a panel of fifteen antibiotics in mid and far western region of Nepal

“…Amikacin (30) - 16.66 (3) 28.57 (4) 80 (4) 16.92 (11) Ampicillin (10) 92.85 (26) 72.22 (13) 78.57 (11) 100 (5) 84.62 (55) Amoxyclav (30) 14.29 (4) - 35.71 (5) - 13.85 (9) Cefotaxime (30) 14.29 (4) - 28.57 (4) 40 (2) 15.38 (10) Ceftazidime (30) 46.43 (13) ---20 (13) Ceftriaxone (30) 35.71 (10) 33.33 (6) -- 24.62 (16) Choloramphenicol (30) - 16.66 (3) 35.71 (5) 40 (2) 15.38 (10) Ciprofloxacin (5) 60.71 (17) 66.66 (12) -20 (1) 46.15 (30) Co-trimoxazole (25) 67.86 (19) 88.89 (16) 100 (14) 80 (4) 81.54 (53) Doxycycline (30)…”

“…Greater number of isolates (38.46%) was recovered from those aged [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] years. This was statistically significant, compared to the other age groups.…”

“…In one study, a significant decrease was observed in the susceptibility of the species to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole from 1988-89 to 1991-92 [9] . In another report, it was shown that co-trimoxazole resistance of Shigella increased from 3% to 40% within ten years [10] . Another study showed that the percentage of resistant Shigella strains in Madrid (Spain) increased from 39.6% to 97.9% for ampicillin, from 34.4% to 96.9% for co-trimoxazole, from 6.3% to 18.0% for tetracycline, and from 1.6% to 15.1% for chloramphenicol [11] .…”

Isolamento e determinação de sensibilidade e resistência a antimicrobianos de cepas bacterianas presentes na cloaca de Trachemys scripta elegans (Wied, 1839) criadas em cativeiro em Petrolina, PE

“…Outro fator relevante reside no fato de que mesmo quando a pessoa infectada não apresenta os sintomas ela ainda pode transmitir a bactéria a outras pessoas (Kenneth 2012). A shigelose é considerada uma importante causa de diarreia aguda em todo o mundo, tanto por sua alta prevalência, como pela gravidade da doença (Orrett 2008, Kosek et al 2010, Moreno 2010. Neste estudo, as bacté-rias do gênero Shigella spp não apresentaram resistência à gentamicina; tiveram sensibilidade e resistência equivalentes para doxicilina, eritromicina, ampicilina, penicilina, cefalexina e sulfazotrim e não apresentaram resistência à estreptomicina e enrofloxacina.…”