Prevalence of cervical dysplasia and HPV infection according to sexual behavior

Abstract

A total of 165 uterine cervix smears from Venezuelan women were examined by cytological techniques to identify malignant and pre-malignant cervical changes, as well as to identify Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) DNA types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35. Of these smears, 119 were from nonmonogamous women who participated in a cervical carcinoma screening program. In this group, HPV-DNA was detected by hybridization in 42 samples (35%) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 13 (11%). Forty-six monogamous aboriginal women were similarly studied and no evidence of abnormal cytology or HPV-DNA of the types studied here was found in any of them. In the non-monogamous group, age at first sexual intercourse and index of parity were not associated with cervical HPV infection and/or CIN. The rates of HPV infection, however, were significantly different between the two populations, confirming that sexual behavior involving multiple partners is associated with HPV infection.

Sexual risk behavior in women with cervical human papillomavirus infection

“…This finding is similar to that reported by Azocar et al (1990) and Moscicki et al (1990), but not to those of Reeves et al (1987) and Burkett et al (1992). Our results indicate that frequent partner change by young people, but not necessarily an early sexual d6but, implies a true increased risk to become a HPV carrier.…”

“…In 5 (Azocar et al, 1990;Ley et al, 1991;Moscicki et al, 1990;Rosenfeld et al, 1989;Syrj/inen et al, 1984) out of 10 studies dealing with topics of the same character as in our study, the number of lifetime sexual partners emerged as a significant risk factor for CHPI. In the remaining 5 (Burkett et aL, 1992, Kiviat et al, 1989Kjaer et al, 1990;Reeves et al, 1987;Villa and Franco, 1989), no correlation between CHPI and sexual activity was found.…”

“…Finally, 3 (Azocar et al, 1990;Reeves et al, 1987;Villa and Franco, 1989) of 5 studies discussed above that could not confirm a correlation between CHPI and sexual risk-taking factors, were made in societies where the women traditionally have few lifetime partners, whereas many lifetime partners was more accepted for males. Therefore it would have been desirable to include the spouses' sexual history and tests for HPV.…”

Human papillomavirus infection and other risk factors for cervical neoplasia: A case‐control study

“…Neither smoking nor sexual behavior were significant independent risk factors in the multivariate analysis, suggesting that the association of education and SIL may reflect other unmeasured biological mediators of risk, such as partner promiscuity. The relative risk of cervical neoplasia associated with HPV infection in this study was higher than that observed in several recent studies (Azocar et al, 1990;Kjaer et al, 1988;Reeves et al, 1 9 8 9~ 1987) and supports a more primary etiologic role for HPV in cervical neoplasia. Several methodologic variables which may account for these differences include: (1) use of cervicovaginal lavage to collect cells for HPV DNA analysis (Goldberg et al, 1989;; (2) utilization of a control group which had normal cytologic findings; (3) use of Southem blot for viral detection, a methodology capable of identifying a wide variety of potentially oncogenic HPV types; and (4) use of a multivariate analysis which adjusts for other risk factors.…”

Cytomorphologic Evidence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Smears from the Irradiated Uterine Cervix

“…2,3,8,15,[27][28][29]32,33 The analysis of Papanicolaoustained smears can detect koilocytosis, a main cellular pattern suggestive of HPV infection, described by Koss and Durfee 16 and subsequently shown to be associated with HPV infection by others. 22,31 When the smear contains only equivocal cells, confirmation of HPV infection may be provided by immunocytochemistry, 1,7,14,21 in situ hybridization 10,25,34,35 or polymerase chain reaction.…”