Prevalence of bovine of schistosomosis in and around Nekemte, East Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2016 to May 2016 at Guto Gida District, Nekemte, Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomosis. Simple random sampling method was used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for finding Schistosoma eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 384 fecal samples examined, 22 were found positive indicating an overall prevalence of 5.7% schistosomosis in the study area. The prevalence of bovine schistosomosis was higher in Jirenga kebele (9.1%) than Gaarii kebele (4.6%) and Dalo kebele (3.7%). However, no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis in relation to origin was found. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference observed between both sexes (P>0.05). The prevalence in body condition category was reported relatively higher in poor body condition (8.4%) and lower in good body condition (3.8%). However, no statistically significant differences appreciated among the three body condition categories (P>0.05). The finding indicated that, schistosomosis should be taken into consideration as one of the major limiting factor to livestock productivity at Guto Gida District. The control measures against schistosomosis must be designed to target either the parasite or the snail intermediate host.

Epidemiology of bovine schistosomiasis and associated risk factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review with meta-analysis of published articles, 2008–2018

“…To evaluate the prevalence rate of bovine schistosomiasis in Ethiopia, 7,378 cattle were used in this case. The prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis ranged between 5.8 and 60.4% [ 20 , 21 ]. The detailed characteristics of the included studies are presented in ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Therefore, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle was higher in poor body condition animals [ 13 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 28 , 33 ], followed by medium body condition animals [ 10 ] ( Table 4 ). On the other hand, [ 20 , 30 ] found no significant association between the prevalence of schistosomisis and the body condition of the animals which was 24% (95% CI; 22–26%; p = 0.79) and 57% (95%CI 38–85%; p = 0.073), respectively.…”

“…Conversely, this pooled prevalence was much higher than 11% [ 11 ], 17% [ 28 ], 14% [ 19 ], 18% [ 30 ], 5.8% [ 20 ], 18.2% [ 26 ], 10% [ 18 ], 18% [ 24 ], 16.3% [ 25 ] and 16.8% [ 32 ]. Various research results from various regions of the country showed that the prevalence of schistosomiasis varies greatly between regions.…”

Prevalence of Bovine Schistosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors in and Around Haramaya, Oromia Region, East Ethiopia

“…10 Using snails as an intermediary host, schistosomiasis is disseminated; the immature infectious form enters through the host's body and can potentially infect cattle by drinking water. 11 It is frequently found in Ethiopia's central, southwestern, eastern, and northwestern regions. 12 In Ethiopia; distinct Bulinus species serve as intermediary hosts, as documented in various parts of Ethiopia, such as Gondar, Tigray, Gojjam, Shewa, Arsi, Harrarge, and Wollo.…”

“…17 These epidemiological investigations provide evidence of the regular occurrence of diseases, particularly in areas with stagnant water and swampy open grazing zones. In Ethiopia, the occurrence of animal schistosomiasis caused by S. bovis has been documented, with prevalence rates ranging from 5.7% to 23% in ruminants according to studies conducted by 7,11,18 reported a high prevalence of schistosomiasis of 60% in the southern part of Ethiopia, while 13 reported a prevalence of 17% in the northwestern region.…”