Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract pathogens isolated from female outpatients across the US in 1999

Karlowsky, James A.; Jones, Mark; Thornsberry, Clyde; Critchley, Ian A.; Kelly, Laurie J.; Sahm, Daniel F.

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00369-7

Cited by 82 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, studies from the United States of America and worldwide indicate the emergence of high levels of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance in a significant percentage ( > 20%) of community-acquired E. coli UTI isolates [19][20][21][22]. We also found a high level of resistance to this antimicrobial agent [54%].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogens in Tehran, Iran

Kashef

Djavid

Shahbazi

2010

J Infect Dev Ctries

119

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Background: Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens has increased worldwide. Knowledge of the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in specific geographical locations is an important factor for choosing an appropriate empirical antimicrobial treatment. The aim of this study was to provide information regarding local resistance patterns of urinary pathogens to the commonly used antibiotics in Tehran, Iran. Methodology: Urine samples collected and submitted to two pathobiology laboratories in Tehran were identified by conventional methods over a period of three years (December 2006 to May 2009). Antimicrobial resistance testing was performed by the standard disk diffusion technique in accordance with the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: Of the total 13,333 mid-stream urine samples collected from suspected cases of urinary tract infection, 840 (6.3%) were positive for pathogenic bacteria. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common isolate (68.8%) followed by Proteus spp. (12.4%), and Klebsiella spp. (9.6%). E. coli isolates were mostly susceptible to nitrofurantoin (71.3%), followed by ciprofloxacin (68.1%); however, only 38.2% of E. coli isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: Nitrofurantoin may be considered as a first-line empiric antibacterial agent for urinary tract infections in outpatients in Tehran, Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogens in Tehran, Iran

Kashef

Djavid

Shahbazi

2010

J Infect Dev Ctries

119

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“…Cotrimoxazole (Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole), fl uroquinolones, or nitrofurantoin are recommended for empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTI 13,14 . However, several reports from worldwide indicated the excessive increase in the emergence of trimethoprimsulphamethoxazole resistant E. coli 15,16 . Cotrimoxazole was replaced by fl uroquinolones and cephalosporins because of high level of resistance to this drug but unfortunately after sometime resistance to these drugs was also detected and published.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Children at Kathmandu Model Hospital

Shrestha

Gurubacharya

Maharjan

et al. 2013

J. Nepal Paedtr. Soc.

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Introduction: Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens has increased globally. Updated knowledge of the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in the health institutes is important for the selection of an appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the multi drug resistant urinary isolates in the children from 1 to15 years and evaluate the options for empiric antibiotic therapy. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from December 2011 to May 2012 in the Bacteriology laboratory, Kathmandu Model Hospital. Urine samples received in the laboratory were processed for routine, culture and its sensitivity. The antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) recommended Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. Results: Of the total 372 urine samples received in the laboratory, 60 (16.13%) showed significant growth; of which 55.0 % (33/60) were MDR isolates. Escherichia coli were the predominant isolate from urine sample. Out of 49 Escherichia coli isolates, 27 (45.0%) were Multi drug resistant. Enterococcus faecalis (N=3) was the most predominant Gram positive isolate and 66.67 % (2/3) of this organism were multi drug resistant. Among the first line drugs used against gram negative isolates, nitrofurantoin was the most effective drug followed by quinolones, while among the second line drugs; meropenem was the most effective drug followed by chloramphenicol and amikacin, whereas; nitrofurantoin (100%) was the most effective drug for Gram positive isolates followed by norfloxacin and cefotaxime. Conclusion: High percentages of multi drug resistant uropathogens were revealed in children. Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug for gram positive, gram negative and multi drug resistant isolates.

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“…Samples were inoculated on a blood agar (Merck, Germany), Mac Conkey agar (Merck, Germany) and Eosin Methylen Blue agar (Merck, Germany) plates. Positive culture was defined as if the bacterial colony count was equal or more than 10 5 CFU.mL -1 (4,11). The species of all isolates were identified t by standard biochemical methods (3).…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nearly 1 woman out of 3, will have at least 1 episode of UTI requiring antimicrobial therapy by the age of 24 years, and almost 50% of all women will experience at least 1 episode of UTI during their lifetime (11). UTIs are also the most common infections in hospital and extended-care settings, it has been reported that 2% -3% of admitted patients are suffering from UTI (1,2,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance of Isolated Gram Negative Bacteria From Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Isfahan

Mirzarazi

Rezatofighi

Pourmahdi

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial disease which may cause chronic renal failure and hypertension. Many reports suggest that the rate of antibiotic resistance to infectious organisms is increasing.Objectives: This study aimed to detect and also compare the frequency and drug resistance pattern of Gram negative bacteria isolated from patients with community-acquired UTIs in Isfahan.Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 702 samples from 476 females and 226 males referred to medical centers in Isfahan city from June to September 2011 were collected, we investigated the urine cultures and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated organisms were measured.Results: Urinary infectious was detected in 203 persons. The most prevalence isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli 138 (68%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (13%). Antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram negative bacteria isolated was investigated. Among E. coli isolates the most antibiotic sensitivity and resistance were related to Nitrofurantoin, Cotrimoxazol and Nalidixic acid, Trimetsulpha respectively. Klebsiella spp. isolates were the most antibiotic sensitive to Cotrimoxazol and Cipropheloxacin and the most antibiotic resistant to Trimetsulpha, Cipropheloxacin and Nalidixic respectively.Conclusions: With regards to the continuous changing in causative microorganisms isolated from patients with UTI and antibiotic sensitivity patterns, it is recommended that bacterial sensitivity patterns in populations are determined in any region annually

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Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract pathogens isolated from female outpatients across the US in 1999

Cited by 82 publications

References 10 publications

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogens in Tehran, Iran

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of community-acquired uropathogens in Tehran, Iran

Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Children at Kathmandu Model Hospital

Antibiotic Resistance of Isolated Gram Negative Bacteria From Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Isfahan

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