Prevalence, Clearance, and Incidence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in HIV‐Infected Men: The HIPVIRG Cohort Study

Pokomandy, Alexandra de; Rouleau, Danielle; Ghattas, George; Vézina, Sylvie; Côté, Pierre; Macleod, John; Allaire, Guy; Franco, Eduardo L.

doi:10.1086/597207

Cited by 176 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Lesions arise in the squamous epithelium at the junction between the rectal columnar epithelium and squamous cells of the anal canal, similar to the transitional zone within the cervix. The most common HPV types that are linked to anal cancer include HPV16, HPV6, HPV42, HPV18, HPV11, HPV31, and HPV52 (68)(69)(70). About 85% of anal cancer and precancerous lesions are caused by HPV16 (30).…”

Section: Anal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

2016

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SUMMARYHigh-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause essentially all cervical cancers, most anal and oropharyngeal cancers, and some vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of infection and the availability of newer tests are changing the approach to screening and diagnosis. Molecular tests to detect DNA from the most common high-risk HPVs are FDA approved for use in conjunction with cytology in cervical cancer screening programs. More-specific tests that detect RNA from high-risk HPV types are now also available. The use of molecular tests as the primary screening tests is being adopted in some areas. Genotyping to identify HPV16 and -18 has a recommended role in triaging patients for colposcopy who are high-risk HPV positive but have normal cytology. There are currently no recommended screening methods for anal, vulvar, vaginal, penile, or oropharyngeal HPV infections. HPV testing has limited utility in patients at high risk for anal cancer, but p16 immunohistochemistry is recommended to clarify lesions in tissue biopsy specimens that show moderate dysplasia or precancer mimics. HPV testing is recommended for oropharyngeal squamous cell tumors as a prognostic indicator. Ongoing research will help to improve the content of future guidelines for screening and diagnostic testing.

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Section: Anal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

2016

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“…In the last 20 to 30 years, the incidence of AC has increased significantly, especially in men who have sex with men (MSM), and more so in those also infected with HIV (2)(3)(4). Infection with any HPV type is very frequent in HIV-positive MSM, with prevalences of Ͼ90%, and HR-HPV infections are present in 48.9% to 94.4% of these patients (4)(5)(6). Likewise, infections with multiple HR-HPV types are also very common, being close to 60% (4,(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anal Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men by Geographical Origin, Age, and Cytological Status in a Spanish Cohort

et al. 2013

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“…In another sample from San Francisco, 34% of the HIV negative MSM and 72% of the HIV positive MSM carried "high-risk" HPV [81]. Furthermore, a longitudinal Canadian study found anal HPV in almost 98% of HIV-positive MSM, with a mean of five types simultaneously, most frequently HPV 16 (38%) and HPV 6 (35%) with the lowest clearance rate seen for HPV 16 [82].…”

Section: Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)

Bratt¹,

Edlund²,

Cullberg³

et al. 2009

TOIDJ

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Abstract:The impact of increasingly efficient antiretroviral therapy (ART) on survival and general well-being has contributed to a "business as usual" attitude to sex among men who have sex with men (MSM). There has been a recent marked increase of sexually transmitted infections (STI) including syphilis, LGV and Hepatits C among MSM. STIs located in the oral cavity or rectum are asymptomatic in over 80% and 50%, respectively and these sites must be seen as important reservoirs. On the other hand severe proctitis may be mistreated as inflammatory bowel disease without adequate medical history and testing. Due to the reappearance of syphilis, all genital ulcers, non-itching exanthema and severe disease symptoms (e.g. fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, hepato-splenomegaly, increased liver enzymes, neurological and ophthalmologic symptoms without other explanations) should lead to testing for syphilis. There is a marked association between STIs and HIV. Syphilis, LGV and Hepatits C are strongly overrepresented in HIV positive MSM, while gonorrhoea, LGV and syphilis increase the HIV susceptibility. Syphilis leads to increased viral load in HIV positive. The major risk factors for Hepatitis B are number of sex partners and receptive anal intercourse. High grade Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) anal lesions can progress to cancer. There is a 30 fold increase risk for anal cancer among MSM, a risk that is doubled in HIV infection, making anal cancer one of the most common non-AIDS tumours. All MSM should be offered Hepatitis A and B vaccination and the inclusion of boys in HPV vaccination programs must be considered. The aim of this article is to describe asymptomatic and symptomatic bacterial and viral STIs of the oral cavity, penis/urethra and rectum and the sexually transmittable viral Hepatitis and HIV in MSM and to inspire the medical establishment to adhere to testing guidelines in this group. This article is built on a review of published findings, the presentation of own data on Gonorrhoea and chlamydia and our own experience in treating all STIs including HIV in MSM since 1982 at a Gay Men's Health Clinic (Venhälsan) at Stockholm South General Hospital, Sweden.

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Prevalence, Clearance, and Incidence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in HIV‐Infected Men: The HIPVIRG Cohort Study

Abstract: Multiple HPV types were common in the anal canals of HIV-seropositive MSM. Incidence and clearance rates were not similar among HPV types. Ongoing surveillance of this cohort will help our understanding of the determinants of HPV persistence and progression to lesions.

Cited by 176 publications

References 29 publications

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

Anal Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men by Geographical Origin, Age, and Cytological Status in a Spanish Cohort

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)

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