Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among China’s Sichuan Tibetan population: A cross-sectional study

Huang, Xiaobo; Zhou, Zhengyang; Liu, Jianxiong; Song, Weifang; Yong, Chen; Liu, Ya; Zhang, Mingyu; Dai, Wen; Yi, Yong; Zhao, Shui‐Ping

doi:10.3109/10641963.2016.1163369

Cited by 27 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Also, the prevalence of hypertension in our study was much higher than the nationwide average 39 and than that found in some other regional studies, 40 41 but close to the recent study in the Sichuan Tibetan population. 42 The high prevalence of dyslipidaemia and hypertension might be ascribed to dietary preferences and other lifestyle issues of residents in Jilin Province. The cold weather limits people’s outdoor physical activity during the long winter, consequently increasing the risk of being overweight or obese and the related metabolic abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors: a population based cross sectional study from northeast China

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2017

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesEpidemiological studies aimed at stroke and its risk factors can help identify persons at higher risk and therefore promote stroke prevention strategies. We aimed to explore the current prevalence of stroke and its associated risk factors in northeast China.DesignPopulation based cross sectional study.SettingData were collected using a structured precoded questionnaire designed by the Stroke Screening and Prevention Programme of the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, between January and March 2016.Participants4100 permanent residents, aged 40 years or older, who had lived in Dehui City of Jilin Province for more than 6 months volunteered to participate in the survey, with a response rate of 92.2%. For the purpose of the present analysis, 48 subjects were excluded due to missing values, giving a total of 4052 people included in this analysis.Main outcome measureThe questionnaire included demographic characteristics, stroke related behavioural factors, personal and family medical history of stroke, physical examination and laboratory testing.ResultsThe overall prevalence of stroke in Jilin Province was 7.2% (95% CI 6.3% to 8.2%). Of all stroke cases, 91.7% (95% CI 87.4% to 94.6%) were ischaemic stroke and 8.3% (95% CI 5.4% to 12.6%) were haemorrhagic stroke. The prevalence rates of dyslipidaemia, smoking and hypertension were ranked as the top three cerebrovascular risk factors and were 62.1%, 61.8% and 57.3%, respectively. We found that hypertension, dyslipidaemia and lack of exercise were associated with ischaemic stroke. However, only hypertension (OR=4.064, 95% CI 1.358 to 12.160) was significantly associated with haemorrhagic stroke.ConclusionsThe prevalence of stroke, especially ischaemic stroke, and associated cerebrovascular risk factors among adults aged 40 years or older in northeast China were high. A higher regional prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and lack of exercise may be responsible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors: a population based cross sectional study from northeast China

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2017

BMJ Open

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“… 22 Some have reported reverse gradient with education 23 while others have reported no relationship 24 25 Alcohol use was associated with higher prevalence of hypertension as seen in other studies. 26 Limited data from South Asia suggests higher blood pressure levels in alcohol users 27 and also higher probability of myocardial infarction in them than alcohol abstainers 28 unlike other population groups. Interestingly, the rise in prevalence of hypertension in survey 2 was significant even after adjusting for these factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates over 20 years in National Capital Region of India: results from a repeat cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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Background and objectivesDespite being one of the leading risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, there are limited data on changes in hypertension burden and management from India. This study evaluates trend in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the urban and rural areas of India’s National Capital Region (NCR).Design and settingTwo representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in urban and rural areas (survey 1 (1991–1994); survey 2 (2010–2012)) of NCR using similar methodologies.ParticipantsA total of 3048 (mean age: 46.8±9.0 years; 52.3% women) and 2052 (mean age: 46.5±8.4 years; 54.2% women) subjects of urban areas and 2487 (mean age: 46.6±8.8 years; 57.0% women) and 1917 (mean age: 46.5±8.5 years; 51.3% women) subjects of rural areas were included in survey 1 and survey 2, respectively.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHypertension was defined as per Joint National Committee VII guidelines. Structured questionnaire was used to measure the awareness and treatment status of hypertension. A mean systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg was defined as control of hypertension among the participants with hypertension.ResultsThe age and sex standardised prevalence of hypertension increased from 23.0% to 42.2% (p<0.001) and 11.2% to 28.9% (p<0.001) in urban and rural NCR, respectively. In both surveys, those with high education, alcohol use, obesity and high fasting blood glucose were at a higher risk for hypertension. However, the change in hypertension prevalence between the surveys was independent of these risk factors (adjusted OR (95% CI): urban (2.3 (2.0 to 2.7)) rural (3.1 (2.4 to 4.0))). Overall, there was no improvement in awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension in the population.ConclusionThere was marked increase in prevalence of hypertension over two decades with no improvement in management.

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“…Hyperuricemia was defined as a fasting serum uric acid higher than 420 μmol/L in men and 360 μmol/L in women, in line with Chinese guideline [ 6 ]. Hypertension was defined as a SBP of at least 140 mmHg, and/or a DBP of at least 90 mmHg, and/or use of antihypertensive medication.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is a large high altitude area of Tibet, with distinct geographic characteristics and lifestyles compared with other areas of mainland China. People tend to eat a high-salt, fat-rich diet and drink alcohol, so the cardiovascular risk factors and level of cardiovascular disease are more serious [ 6 – 8 ]. Most studies in this area have investigated the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight or obesity, and dyslipidemia in Tibetan area [ 6 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of hyperuricemia and its correlates in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China

et al. 2018

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BackgroundHyperuricemia is a common and serious public health problem. There has been no broad epidemiological survey of hyperuricemia in China, especially in Tibetan area. This study was therefore investigated the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its correlated factors among people aged 18–85 years in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study among 3093 participants in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture using questionnaires in face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests. We included 1416 subjects with complete data including serum uric acid and medical history to analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia and correlated factors. Hyperuricemia was defined as a fasting serum uric acid level higher than 420 μmol/L in men and 360 μmol/L in women.ResultsThe overall crude prevalence of hyperuricemia was 37.2%, and was greater in men than women (41% vs 34.4%, P = 0.011). The age-adjusted prevalence was 33.0%. Characteristics linked to hyperuricemia were farmers-herdsmen (OR: 1.749, 95% CI: 1.022–2.992), low to moderate education level (low OR:1.57, 95% CI: 1.102–2.237; moderate OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.167–2.963), current drinking (OR: 1.795, 95% CI: 1.193–2.702), hypertension (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.091–2.006), higher body mass index (1 unit increase) (OR: 1.116, 95% CI: 1.077–1.156) and higher serum creatinine (1 unit increase) (OR: 1.046, 95% CI: 1.034–1.059). Serum uric acid was positively related to triglycerides and total cholesterol and negatively related to high density lipoprotein cholesterol in all subjects. Hyperuricemia was a risk factor for high triglyceride ((OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.156–3.9266) and high total cholesterol (OR: 2.313, 95% CI: 1.364–3.923) in men and for high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 2.696, 95% CI: 1.386–5.245) in women.ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of hyperuricemia in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The government needs to prevent and manage hyperuricemia in this area.

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Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among China’s Sichuan Tibetan population: A cross-sectional study

Abstract: Prevalence of hypertension in Sichuan Tibetan was significantly higher than the national level with low rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Intervention measurements are needed to change some unhealthy lifestyles, behaviors, and habits in this region.

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors: a population based cross sectional study from northeast China

Prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors: a population based cross sectional study from northeast China

Changes in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates over 20 years in National Capital Region of India: results from a repeat cross-sectional study

The prevalence of hyperuricemia and its correlates in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China

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